τέρας

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make, perform (magic, etc.)”). See also Proto-Slavic *čarъ (“magic, sorcery”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /té.ras/ → /ˈte.ras/ → /ˈte.ras/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /té.ras/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈte.ras/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈte.ras/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈte.ras/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈte.ras/

Noun

τέρᾰς • (téras) n (genitive τέρᾰτος); third declension

1. sign, marvel, wonder
2. divine sign, omen, portent
3. monster

Declension

Third declension of τὸ τέρᾰς; τοῦ τέρᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ τέρᾰς tò téras	τὼ τέρᾰτε tṑ térate	τᾰ̀ τέρᾰτᾰ / τεράᾰτᾰ tà térata / teráata
Genitive	τοῦ τέρᾰτος toû tératos	τοῖν τερᾰ́τοιν toîn terátoin	τῶν τερᾰ́των tôn terátōn
Dative	τῷ τέρᾰτῐ tôi térati	τοῖν τερᾰ́τοιν toîn terátoin	τοῖς τέρᾰσῐ / τέρᾰσῐν toîs térasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ τέρᾰς tò téras	τὼ τέρᾰτε tṑ térate	τᾰ̀ τέρᾰτᾰ / τεράᾰτᾰ tà térata / teráata
Vocative	τέρᾰς téras	τέρᾰτε térate	τέρᾰτᾰ / τεράᾰτᾰ térata / teráata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.

Third declension of τέρᾰς; τέρᾰος (uncontracted, Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τέρᾰς téras	τέρᾰε térae	τέρᾰᾰ / τέρᾱ téraa / térā
Genitive	τέρᾰος téraos	τερᾰ́οιν teráoin	τερᾰ́ων teráōn
Dative	τέρᾰῐ̈ téraï	τερᾰ́οιν teráoin	τεράεσσι / τεράεσσιν teráessi(n)
Accusative	τέρᾰς téras	τέρᾰε térae	τέρᾰᾰ / τέρᾱ téraa / térā
Vocative	τέρᾰς téras	τέρᾰε térae	τέρᾰᾰ / τέρᾱ téraa / térā
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of τὸ τέρᾰς; τοῦ τέρεος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ τέρᾰς tò téras	τὼ τέρει / τέρεε tṑ térei / téree	τᾰ̀ τέρεᾰ / τέρᾰ tà térea / téra
Genitive	τοῦ τέρεος / τέρευς toû téreos / téreus	τοῖν τερέοιν toîn teréoin	τῶν τερέων / τερῶν tôn teréōn / terôn
Dative	τῷ τέρει / τέρεῐ̈ tôi térei / téreï	τοῖν τερέοιν toîn teréoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν τέρεσῐ / τέρεσῐν toîsi(n) téresi(n)
Accusative	τὸ τέρᾰς tò téras	τὼ τέρει / τέρεε tṑ térei / téree	τᾰ̀ τέρεᾰ / τέρᾰ tà térea / téra
Vocative	τέρᾰς téras	τέρει / τέρεε térei / téree	τέρεᾰ / τέρᾰ térea / téra
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• τερᾰτολόγος (teratológos)

Descendants

• → English: teras
• Greek: τέρας (téras)

Further reading

• “τέρας”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “τέρας”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “τέρας”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• τέρας in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• τέρας in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “τέρας”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G5059 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • freak idem, page 343.
  • marvel idem, page 515.
  • miracle idem, page 532.
  • monster idem, page 539.
  • monstrosity idem, page 539.
  • omen idem, page 572.
  • portent idem, page 627.
  • prodigy idem, page 644.
  • sign idem, page 774.
  • wonder idem, page 987.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τέρας (téras).

Noun

τέρας • (téras) n (plural τέρατα)

1. monster

Declension

Declension of τέρας

	singular	plural
nominative	τέρας •	τέρατα •
genitive	τέρατος •	τεράτων •
accusative	τέρας •	τέρατα •
vocative	τέρας •	τέρατα •