φαρέτρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

φαρέτρη (pharétrē) — Ionic

Etymology

It has been assumed a derivation with a reduced grade from φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), beside a full grade in φέρετρον (phéretron, “bier, litter”). However, because a reduced grade is not accepted anymore since the laryngeal theory, a loanword with a folk-etymological adaptation should be considered.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰa.ré.traː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰaˈre.tra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸaˈre.tra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /faˈre.tra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /faˈre.tra/

Noun

φᾰρέτρᾱ • (pharétrā) f (genitive φᾰρέτρᾱς); first declension

quiver for arrows
Synonyms: γωρυτός (gōrutós), ὀϊστοθήκη (oïstothḗkē)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ φᾰρέτρᾱ; τῆς φᾰρέτρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φᾰρέτρᾱ hē pharétrā	τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ tṑ pharétrā	αἱ φᾰρέτραι hai pharétrai
Genitive	τῆς φᾰρέτρᾱς tês pharétrās	τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν toîn pharétrain	τῶν φᾰρετρῶν tôn pharetrôn
Dative	τῇ φᾰρέτρᾳ têi pharétrāi	τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν toîn pharétrain	ταῖς φᾰρέτραις taîs pharétrais
Accusative	τὴν φᾰρέτρᾱν tḕn pharétrān	τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ tṑ pharétrā	τᾱ̀ς φᾰρέτρᾱς tā̀s pharétrās
Vocative	φᾰρέτρᾱ pharétrā	φᾰρέτρᾱ pharétrā	φᾰρέτραι pharétrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

φαρετρεών (pharetreṓn)
φαρέτριον (pharétrion)
φαρετρίτης (pharetrítēs)
φαρετροφόρος (pharetrophóros)

Descendants

→ Latin: pharetra
- → Italian: faretra
- → Portuguese: fáretra
- → Romanian: faretră

“φαρέτρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“φαρέτρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
φαρέτρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN