χρώς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to χρῶμα (khrôma).

According to Beekes, probably cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀒𐀫𐀸𐀁 (a-ko-ro-we-e) (representing either /akʰroweʰe/ [dual noun] “without spots”, or /ha-kʰroweʰe/ “of one color”). Chantraine suggests that the Mycenaean form points to a root *k(ʰ)row- “throw”.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰrɔ̌ːs/ → /xros/ → /xros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰrɔ̌ːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /xros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /xros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /xros/

Noun

χρώς • (khrṓs) m (genitive χρωτός or χροός); third declension

1. skin, flesh
2. complexion
3. color

Declension

Third declension of ὁ χρώς; τοῦ χρωτός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χρώς ho khrṓs	τὼ χρῶτε tṑ khrôte	οἱ χρῶτες hoi khrôtes
Genitive	τοῦ χρωτός toû khrōtós	τοῖν χρωτοῖν toîn khrōtoîn	τῶν χρωτῶν tôn khrōtôn
Dative	τῷ χρωτῐ́ tôi khrōtí	τοῖν χρωτοῖν toîn khrōtoîn	τοῖς χρωσῐ́ / χρωσῐ́ν toîs khrōsí(n)
Accusative	τὸν χρῶτᾰ tòn khrôta	τὼ χρῶτε tṑ khrôte	τοὺς χρῶτᾰς toùs khrôtas
Vocative	χρώς khrṓs	χρῶτε khrôte	χρῶτες khrôtes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.

Third declension of χρώς; χροός (Epic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	χρώς khrṓs
Genitive	χροός khroós
Dative	χροΐ / χρῷ khroḯ / khrôi
Accusative	χρόᾰ khróa
Vocative	χρώς khrṓs
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.

Related terms

• χρώζω, χρῴζω (khrṓzō, khrṓizō)
• χρῶμα (khrôma)

Descendants

• English: schizochroal

Further reading

• “χρώς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press