ծղխնի

Old Armenian

Alternative forms

ծխնի (cxni), ծխղնի (cxłni), ծխանի (cxani), ծղին (cłin), ճխնի (čxni), ճղան (čłan)

Etymology

The origin is unknown.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

J̌ahukyan compares with ծիղ (cił), ծիլ (cil, “sprout, bud”).^[5]

Martirosyan connects with Ancient Greek γίγγλυμος (gínglumos, “hinge, joint, pivot, gudgeon”) and derives both from a Mediterranean substrate word of the shape *ǵinɣl(u)m-, whence Proto-Armenian *ci(n)ɣln- → *cixln- → *ciłxn-i, with the suffix -ի (-i).^[6]

Noun

ծղխնի • (cłxni)

door hinge
- 5th century, Bible, Proverbs 26.14^[7]:
  Որպէս դուրք շրջին ՚ի ծղխնւոջ, նո՛յնպէս վատ ՚ի մահիճս իւր։
  Orpēs durkʻ šrǰin ’i cłxnwoǰ, nóynpēs vat ’i mahičs iwr.
  As a door turns on the hinge, so does a sluggard on his bed.
- 5th century, Bible, 3 Kingdoms 6.34^[8]:
  […] և երկոցունց դրանցն փայտս մայրս երկբացիկս, մի մի դուռն. և ծխնիք նոցա երկբացիկք։
  […] ew erkocʻuncʻ drancʻn pʻayts mayrs erkbacʻiks, mi mi duṙn. ew cxnikʻ nocʻa erkbacʻikkʻ.
  In both the doors were planks of fir; the one door had two leaves and their hinges, and the other door had two leaves and turned on hinges.
- 5th century, Bible, 1 Chronicles 22.3^[9]:
  […] և երկաթ յոյժ ի բևեռս դրանցն, ի գամս յաւդիցն և ի կրկունս ծխնեացն (var. ճխնեացն)։ Եւ պատրաստեաց Դաւիթ երկաթ և պղինձ, զի ոչ գոյր կշիռ, և փայտ, զի ոչ գոյր թիւ […]
  […] ew erkatʻ yoyž i beweṙs drancʻn, i gams yawdicʻn ew i krkuns cxneacʻn (var. čxneacʻn). Ew patrasteacʻ Dawitʻ erkatʻ ew płinj, zi očʻ goyr kšiṙ, ew pʻayt, zi očʻ goyr tʻiw […]
  And David prepared much iron for the nails of the doors and the gates; the hinges also and brass in abundance, there was no weighing of it.

Usage notes

In the Bible, translates Koine Greek στρόφιγξ (stróphinx, “pivot, door hinge”) and στροφεύς (stropheús, “vertebra, door hinge”).

Declension

o-a-type

	singular	plural
nominative	ծղխնի (cłxni)	ծղխնիք (cłxnikʻ)
genitive	ծղխնւոյ (cłxnwoy)	ծղխնեաց (cłxneacʻ)
dative	ծղխնւոյ, ծղխնւոջ (cłxnwoy, cłxnwoǰ)	ծղխնեաց (cłxneacʻ)
accusative	ծղխնի (cłxni)	ծղխնիս (cłxnis)
ablative	ծղխնւոյ (cłxnwoy)	ծղխնեաց (cłxneacʻ)
instrumental	ծղխնեաւ (cłxneaw)	ծղխնեաւք = ծղխնեօք (cłxneawkʻ = cłxneōkʻ)
locative	ծղխնւոջ (cłxnwoǰ)	ծղխնիս (cłxnis)
note the irregular dative/locative with -ոջ (-oǰ)

Derived terms

ծըղխնիմ (cəłxnim)
ծխողնիմ (cxołnim)
ծղխնեմ (cłxnem)

Descendants

Armenian: ծխնի (cxni), (dialectal) ճխան (čxan), ճլխան (člxan)

References

^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “ծղխնի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 463ab
^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan‎^[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 439
^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1990) “Hayereni anhayt cagman baṙarmatnerə”, in Patma-banasirakan handes‎^[2] (in Armenian), number 2, page 71
^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 509, 951
^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ծղխնի”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 365a
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2016) “Mediterranean substrate words in Armenian: two etymologies”, in Bjarne Simmelkjær Sandgaard Hansen, Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander & Birgit Anette Olsen, editors, Etymology and the European Lexicon. Proceedings of the 14th Fachtagung of the Indogermanische Gesellschaft, Copenhagen, 17-22 September 2012‎^[3], Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, pages 293–294
^ Zōhrapean, Yovhannēs, editor (1805), Astuacašunčʻ matean Hin ew Nor Ktakaranacʻ, volume III, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 188
^ Zōhrapean, Yovhannēs, editor (1805), Astuacašunčʻ matean Hin ew Nor Ktakaranacʻ, volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 143
^ Xalatʻeancʻ, Grigor (1899) Girkʻ mnacʻordacʻ əst hnagoyn hay tʻargmanutʻean, Moscow: Varvaṙē Gatcʻuk Press, page 40b