اختیار

See also: اختيار

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِخْتِيَار (iḵtiyār).

Noun

اختیار • (ihtiyar)

1. election

Descendants

• Turkish: ihtiyar

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِخْتِيَار (iḵtiyār).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔix.ti.ˈjɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪx.t̪ʰi.jɑ́ːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪx.t̪ʰi.jɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪx.t̪ʰi.jɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔix.t̪ʰi.jɔ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔex.t̪i.jɒ́ːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔiχ.t̪ʰi.jɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	ixtiyār
Dari reading?	ixtiyār
Iranian reading?	extiyâr
Tajik reading?	ixtiyor

• Rhymes: -ɑːr

Noun

Dari	اختیار
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ихтиёр

اِختِیار • (extiyâr) (plural اختیارات (extiyârât))

1. option

   Synonyms: خیار (xiyâr), گزینه (gozine), انتخاب (entexâb)

2. choice

   Synonym: انتخاب (entexâb)

3. authority, power to choose
   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 267”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1], archived from the original on 2023-12-09:

     دل به رغبت می‌سپارد جان به چشم مست یار
     گرچه هشیاران ندادند اختیار خود به کس

     dil ba rağbat mē-sipārad jān ba čašm-i mast-i yār
     garči hušyārān na-dādand ixtiyār-i xwad ba kas

     My soul joyfully entrusts my heart to the beloved's drunken eyes,
     Though the wise do not grant authority [over them] to anyone.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• اختیاری (extiyâri)

 

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِخْتِیَار (ixtiyār), from Arabic اِخْتِيَار (iḵtiyār).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪx.t̪ɪ.jɑːɾ/

• Audio (Pakistan):

  (file)

• Audio (India):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːɾ

Noun

اِخْتِیَار • (ixtiyār) m (formal plural اِخْتِیَارَات (ixtiyārāt), Hindi spelling इख़्तियार)

1. power, authority, jurisdiction
2. choice, adoption, control, discretion, option
3. imprimatur

Derived terms

• اِخْتِیَارِی (ixtiyārī)

Further reading

• “اختیار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “اختیار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “اختيار”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.