سفح
Arabic edit
Root |
---|
س ف ح (s-f-ḥ) |
Verb edit
سَفَحَ • (safaḥa) I, non-past يَسْفَحُ (yasfaḥu)
- to pour, to flow
- to spill, to shed
- Synonym: سَفَكَ (safaka)
- c. 563, طرفة بن العبد, ديوان طرفة بن العبد شرح الأعلم الشنتمري:
- إِنِّي وَجَدِّكَ مَا هَجَوْتُكَ وَٱلْأَنْصَابُ يُسْفَحُ بَيْنَهُنَّ دَمُ
- ʔinnī wajaddika mā hajawtuka wal-ʔanṣābu yusfaḥu baynahunna damu
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 6:145:
- إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَيْتَةً أَوْ دَمًا مَسْفُوحًا أَوْ لَحْمَ خِنْزِيرٍ
- ʔillā ʔan yakūna maytatan ʔaw daman masfūḥan ʔaw laḥma ḵinzīrin
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
سَفَحَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun سَفْح)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
سَفْح safḥ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
sāfiḥ | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
masfūḥ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | safaḥtu |
safaḥta |
سَفَحَ safaḥa |
safaḥtumā |
safaḥā |
safaḥnā |
safaḥtum |
safaḥū | |||
f | safaḥti |
safaḥat |
safaḥatā |
safaḥtunna |
safaḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔasfaḥu |
tasfaḥu |
yasfaḥu |
tasfaḥāni |
yasfaḥāni |
nasfaḥu |
tasfaḥūna |
yasfaḥūna | |||
f | tasfaḥīna |
tasfaḥu |
tasfaḥāni |
tasfaḥna |
yasfaḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔasfaḥa |
tasfaḥa |
yasfaḥa |
tasfaḥā |
yasfaḥā |
nasfaḥa |
tasfaḥū |
yasfaḥū | |||
f | tasfaḥī |
tasfaḥa |
tasfaḥā |
tasfaḥna |
yasfaḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔasfaḥ |
tasfaḥ |
yasfaḥ |
tasfaḥā |
yasfaḥā |
nasfaḥ |
tasfaḥū |
yasfaḥū | |||
f | tasfaḥī |
tasfaḥ |
tasfaḥā |
tasfaḥna |
yasfaḥna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | isfaḥ |
isfaḥā |
isfaḥū |
||||||||
f | isfaḥī |
isfaḥna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | sufiḥtu |
sufiḥta |
سُفِحَ sufiḥa |
sufiḥtumā |
sufiḥā |
sufiḥnā |
sufiḥtum |
sufiḥū | |||
f | sufiḥti |
sufiḥat |
sufiḥatā |
sufiḥtunna |
sufiḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔusfaḥu |
tusfaḥu |
yusfaḥu |
tusfaḥāni |
yusfaḥāni |
nusfaḥu |
tusfaḥūna |
yusfaḥūna | |||
f | tusfaḥīna |
tusfaḥu |
tusfaḥāni |
tusfaḥna |
yusfaḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔusfaḥa |
tusfaḥa |
yusfaḥa |
tusfaḥā |
yusfaḥā |
nusfaḥa |
tusfaḥū |
yusfaḥū | |||
f | tusfaḥī |
tusfaḥa |
tusfaḥā |
tusfaḥna |
yusfaḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔusfaḥ |
tusfaḥ |
yusfaḥ |
tusfaḥā |
yusfaḥā |
nusfaḥ |
tusfaḥū |
yusfaḥū | |||
f | tusfaḥī |
tusfaḥ |
tusfaḥā |
tusfaḥna |
yusfaḥna |
Noun edit
سَفْح • (safḥ) m
- verbal noun of سَفَحَ (safaḥa) (form I)
Declension edit
Declension of noun سَفْح (safḥ)
Noun edit
سَفْح • (safḥ) m (plural سُفُوح (sufūḥ) or أَسْفَاح (ʔasfāḥ))
- bottom
- foot (of a mountain)
- a. 660 CE, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Nahj Al-Balaghah:
- فَإِذَا نَزَلْتُمْ بِعَدُوٍّ، أَوْ نَزَلَ بِكُمْ، فَلْيَكُنْ مُعَسْكَرُكُمْ فِي قُبُلِ الأَشْرَافِ، وَأَسْفَاحِ الجِبَالِ، وَأَثْنَاءِ الأَنْهَارِ
- faʔiḏā nazaltum biʕaduwwin, ʔaw nazala bikum, falyakun muʕaskarukum fī qubuli l-ʔašrāfi, waʔasfāḥi al-jibāli, waʔaṯnāʔi l-ʔanhāri
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension edit
Declension of noun سَفْح (safḥ)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سَفْح safḥ |
السَّفْح as-safḥ |
سَفْح safḥ |
Nominative | سَفْحٌ safḥun |
السَّفْحُ as-safḥu |
سَفْحُ safḥu |
Accusative | سَفْحًا safḥan |
السَّفْحَ as-safḥa |
سَفْحَ safḥa |
Genitive | سَفْحٍ safḥin |
السَّفْحِ as-safḥi |
سَفْحِ safḥi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | سَفْحَيْن safḥayn |
السَّفْحَيْن as-safḥayn |
سَفْحَيْ safḥay |
Nominative | سَفْحَانِ safḥāni |
السَّفْحَانِ as-safḥāni |
سَفْحَا safḥā |
Accusative | سَفْحَيْنِ safḥayni |
السَّفْحَيْنِ as-safḥayni |
سَفْحَيْ safḥay |
Genitive | سَفْحَيْنِ safḥayni |
السَّفْحَيْنِ as-safḥayni |
سَفْحَيْ safḥay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سُفُوح; أَسْفَاح sufūḥ; ʔasfāḥ |
السُّفُوح; الْأَسْفَاح as-sufūḥ; al-ʔasfāḥ |
سُفُوح; أَسْفَاح sufūḥ; ʔasfāḥ |
Nominative | سُفُوحٌ; أَسْفَاحٌ sufūḥun; ʔasfāḥun |
السُّفُوحُ; الْأَسْفَاحُ as-sufūḥu; al-ʔasfāḥu |
سُفُوحُ; أَسْفَاحُ sufūḥu; ʔasfāḥu |
Accusative | سُفُوحًا; أَسْفَاحًا sufūḥan; ʔasfāḥan |
السُّفُوحَ; الْأَسْفَاحَ as-sufūḥa; al-ʔasfāḥa |
سُفُوحَ; أَسْفَاحَ sufūḥa; ʔasfāḥa |
Genitive | سُفُوحٍ; أَسْفَاحٍ sufūḥin; ʔasfāḥin |
السُّفُوحِ; الْأَسْفَاحِ as-sufūḥi; al-ʔasfāḥi |
سُفُوحِ; أَسْفَاحِ sufūḥi; ʔasfāḥi |
References edit
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “سفح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[1], London: Williams & Norgate
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سفح”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “سفح”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[3] (in French), Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “سفح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “سفح”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN