صافن
Arabic
editEtymology 1
editFrom صَفَنَ (ṣafana, “to stand on three legs, the foreleg up”).
Adjective
editصَافِن • (ṣāfin)
- standing upon three legs, with just the tip of the foreleg on the bottom or the shank of one foreleg tied up
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 38:30-31:
- نِعْمَ الْعَبْدُ إِنَّهُ أَوَّابٌ إِذْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَشِيِّ الصَّافِنَاتُ الْجِيَادُ
- niʕma l-ʕabdu ʔinna-hū ʔawwābun ʔiḏ ʕuriḍa ʕalay-hi bi-l-ʕašiyyi ṣ-ṣāfinātu l-jiyādu
- An excellent servant, he eschewed it with resolution when before him in the evening choice racehorses were presented.
Declension
editDeclension of adjective صَافِن (ṣāfin)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | صَافِن ṣāfin |
الصَّافِن aṣ-ṣāfin |
صَافِنَة ṣāfina |
الصَّافِنَة aṣ-ṣāfina |
Nominative | صَافِنٌ ṣāfinun |
الصَّافِنُ aṣ-ṣāfinu |
صَافِنَةٌ ṣāfinatun |
الصَّافِنَةُ aṣ-ṣāfinatu |
Accusative | صَافِنًا ṣāfinan |
الصَّافِنَ aṣ-ṣāfina |
صَافِنَةً ṣāfinatan |
الصَّافِنَةَ aṣ-ṣāfinata |
Genitive | صَافِنٍ ṣāfinin |
الصَّافِنِ aṣ-ṣāfini |
صَافِنَةٍ ṣāfinatin |
الصَّافِنَةِ aṣ-ṣāfinati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | صَافِنَيْن ṣāfinayn |
الصَّافِنَيْن aṣ-ṣāfinayn |
صَافِنَتَيْن ṣāfinatayn |
الصَّافِنَتَيْن aṣ-ṣāfinatayn |
Nominative | صَافِنَانِ ṣāfināni |
الصَّافِنَانِ aṣ-ṣāfināni |
صَافِنَتَانِ ṣāfinatāni |
الصَّافِنَتَانِ aṣ-ṣāfinatāni |
Accusative | صَافِنَيْنِ ṣāfinayni |
الصَّافِنَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāfinayni |
صَافِنَتَيْنِ ṣāfinatayni |
الصَّافِنَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāfinatayni |
Genitive | صَافِنَيْنِ ṣāfinayni |
الصَّافِنَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāfinayni |
صَافِنَتَيْنِ ṣāfinatayni |
الصَّافِنَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāfinatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
basic broken plural triptote; basic broken plural diptote | basic broken plural diptote; sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | صُفُون; صَوَافِن ṣufūn; ṣawāfin |
الصُّفُون; الصَّوَافِن aṣ-ṣufūn; aṣ-ṣawāfin |
صَوَافِن; صَافِنَات ṣawāfin; ṣāfināt |
الصَّوَافِن; الصَّافِنَات aṣ-ṣawāfin; aṣ-ṣāfināt |
Nominative | صُفُونٌ; صَوَافِنُ ṣufūnun; ṣawāfinu |
الصُّفُونُ; الصَّوَافِنُ aṣ-ṣufūnu; aṣ-ṣawāfinu |
صَوَافِنُ; صَافِنَاتٌ ṣawāfinu; ṣāfinātun |
الصَّوَافِنُ; الصَّافِنَاتُ aṣ-ṣawāfinu; aṣ-ṣāfinātu |
Accusative | صُفُونًا; صَوَافِنَ ṣufūnan; ṣawāfina |
الصُّفُونَ; الصَّوَافِنَ aṣ-ṣufūna; aṣ-ṣawāfina |
صَوَافِنَ; صَافِنَاتٍ ṣawāfina; ṣāfinātin |
الصَّوَافِنَ; الصَّافِنَاتِ aṣ-ṣawāfina; aṣ-ṣāfināti |
Genitive | صُفُونٍ; صَوَافِنَ ṣufūnin; ṣawāfina |
الصُّفُونِ; الصَّوَافِنِ aṣ-ṣufūni; aṣ-ṣawāfini |
صَوَافِنَ; صَافِنَاتٍ ṣawāfina; ṣāfinātin |
الصَّوَافِنِ; الصَّافِنَاتِ aṣ-ṣawāfini; aṣ-ṣāfināti |
Etymology 2
editFrom Hebrew צֹפֵן (ṣōfēn, “hiding”). Doublet of ضَامِن (ḍāmin).
Noun
editصَافِن • (ṣāfin) m (plural صَوَافِن (ṣawāfin))
Declension
editDeclension of noun صَافِن (ṣāfin)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | صَافِن ṣāfin |
الصَّافِن aṣ-ṣāfin |
صَافِن ṣāfin |
Nominative | صَافِنٌ ṣāfinun |
الصَّافِنُ aṣ-ṣāfinu |
صَافِنُ ṣāfinu |
Accusative | صَافِنًا ṣāfinan |
الصَّافِنَ aṣ-ṣāfina |
صَافِنَ ṣāfina |
Genitive | صَافِنٍ ṣāfinin |
الصَّافِنِ aṣ-ṣāfini |
صَافِنِ ṣāfini |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | صَافِنَيْن ṣāfinayn |
الصَّافِنَيْن aṣ-ṣāfinayn |
صَافِنَيْ ṣāfinay |
Nominative | صَافِنَانِ ṣāfināni |
الصَّافِنَانِ aṣ-ṣāfināni |
صَافِنَا ṣāfinā |
Accusative | صَافِنَيْنِ ṣāfinayni |
الصَّافِنَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāfinayni |
صَافِنَيْ ṣāfinay |
Genitive | صَافِنَيْنِ ṣāfinayni |
الصَّافِنَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāfinayni |
صَافِنَيْ ṣāfinay |
Plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | صَوَافِن ṣawāfin |
الصَّوَافِن aṣ-ṣawāfin |
صَوَافِن ṣawāfin |
Nominative | صَوَافِنُ ṣawāfinu |
الصَّوَافِنُ aṣ-ṣawāfinu |
صَوَافِنُ ṣawāfinu |
Accusative | صَوَافِنَ ṣawāfina |
الصَّوَافِنَ aṣ-ṣawāfina |
صَوَافِنَ ṣawāfina |
Genitive | صَوَافِنَ ṣawāfina |
الصَّوَافِنِ aṣ-ṣawāfini |
صَوَافِنِ ṣawāfini |
Descendants
edit- → Medieval Latin: saphena
References
edit- Freytag, Georg (1833) “صافن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 506
- Hyrtl, Joseph (1879) Das Arabische und Hebräische in der Anatomie[2] (in German), Wien: Wilhelm Braumüller, pages 212–215
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “صافن”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1350
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “صافن”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[4], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1703a
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