مرخ

See also: مزح, مرچ, مرج, and مرح

Arabic

Etymology

From the root م ر خ (m-r-ḵ). Apparently all the words in this root are related to the plant name, also existing in Akkadian 𒎌 (MEŠ /⁠miḫru⁠/, “a fir tree”, “possibly Juniperus excelsa”), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎃𐎗 (mḫr, “a conifer”, only retained in a place-name), Persian مرخ (marx), Armenian / Middle Armenian մարխ (marx), մախր (maxr), and potentially the plant name is from Hurrian 𒈠𒄴𒊑 (ma-aḫ-ri /⁠māḫri⁠/, “juniper”). Compare also Egyptian mrḥt (“anointing oil; castor oil”), from which Egyptian mrḥ (“to anoint”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic מְרַח (mraḥ, “to smooth, to finish”), Hebrew מָרַח (māraḥ, “to smear, to rub on, to spread”), Akkadian 𒈠𒊏𒆪 (/⁠marāqu⁠/, “to grind into a powder or crush into a paste; to rub on”), Shehri míreḵ (“to smear”), Arabic مَرَعَ (maraʕa, “to anoint; to currycomb; to abound in herbage”), Aramaic מָרַק (māraq, “to scour, to polish, to rub off”), Hebrew מָרַק (māraq, “to scour, to polish”), Mehri amárqəḥ (“to clear, to wipe”). For another example where a root is from a plant name regard رِمْث (rimṯ) but in this case there may be a contamination of the plant name with a genuine root related to anointing.

Verb

مَرَخَ • (maraḵa) I, non-past يَمْرَخُ‎ (yamraḵu)

1. to rub; to embrocate; to anoint

Conjugation

Conjugation of

مَرَخَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun مَرْخ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						مَرْخ marḵ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مَارِخ māriḵ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَمْرُوخ mamrūḵ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَرَخْتُ maraḵtu	مَرَخْتَ maraḵta	مَرَخَ maraḵa		مَرَخْتُمَا maraḵtumā	مَرَخَا maraḵā		مَرَخْنَا maraḵnā	مَرَخْتُمْ maraḵtum	مَرَخُوا maraḵū
	f		مَرَخْتِ maraḵti	مَرَخَتْ maraḵat			مَرَخَتَا maraḵatā			مَرَخْتُنَّ maraḵtunna	مَرَخْنَ maraḵna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَمْرَخُ ʔamraḵu	تَمْرَخُ tamraḵu	يَمْرَخُ yamraḵu		تَمْرَخَانِ tamraḵāni	يَمْرَخَانِ yamraḵāni		نَمْرَخُ namraḵu	تَمْرَخُونَ tamraḵūna	يَمْرَخُونَ yamraḵūna
	f		تَمْرَخِينَ tamraḵīna	تَمْرَخُ tamraḵu			تَمْرَخَانِ tamraḵāni			تَمْرَخْنَ tamraḵna	يَمْرَخْنَ yamraḵna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَمْرَخَ ʔamraḵa	تَمْرَخَ tamraḵa	يَمْرَخَ yamraḵa		تَمْرَخَا tamraḵā	يَمْرَخَا yamraḵā		نَمْرَخَ namraḵa	تَمْرَخُوا tamraḵū	يَمْرَخُوا yamraḵū
	f		تَمْرَخِي tamraḵī	تَمْرَخَ tamraḵa			تَمْرَخَا tamraḵā			تَمْرَخْنَ tamraḵna	يَمْرَخْنَ yamraḵna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَمْرَخْ ʔamraḵ	تَمْرَخْ tamraḵ	يَمْرَخْ yamraḵ		تَمْرَخَا tamraḵā	يَمْرَخَا yamraḵā		نَمْرَخْ namraḵ	تَمْرَخُوا tamraḵū	يَمْرَخُوا yamraḵū
	f		تَمْرَخِي tamraḵī	تَمْرَخْ tamraḵ			تَمْرَخَا tamraḵā			تَمْرَخْنَ tamraḵna	يَمْرَخْنَ yamraḵna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِمْرَخْ imraḵ			اِمْرَخَا imraḵā				اِمْرَخُوا imraḵū
	f		اِمْرَخِي imraḵī							اِمْرَخْنَ imraḵna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مُرِخْتُ muriḵtu	مُرِخْتَ muriḵta	مُرِخَ muriḵa		مُرِخْتُمَا muriḵtumā	مُرِخَا muriḵā		مُرِخْنَا muriḵnā	مُرِخْتُمْ muriḵtum	مُرِخُوا muriḵū
	f		مُرِخْتِ muriḵti	مُرِخَتْ muriḵat			مُرِخَتَا muriḵatā			مُرِخْتُنَّ muriḵtunna	مُرِخْنَ muriḵna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُمْرَخُ ʔumraḵu	تُمْرَخُ tumraḵu	يُمْرَخُ yumraḵu		تُمْرَخَانِ tumraḵāni	يُمْرَخَانِ yumraḵāni		نُمْرَخُ numraḵu	تُمْرَخُونَ tumraḵūna	يُمْرَخُونَ yumraḵūna
	f		تُمْرَخِينَ tumraḵīna	تُمْرَخُ tumraḵu			تُمْرَخَانِ tumraḵāni			تُمْرَخْنَ tumraḵna	يُمْرَخْنَ yumraḵna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُمْرَخَ ʔumraḵa	تُمْرَخَ tumraḵa	يُمْرَخَ yumraḵa		تُمْرَخَا tumraḵā	يُمْرَخَا yumraḵā		نُمْرَخَ numraḵa	تُمْرَخُوا tumraḵū	يُمْرَخُوا yumraḵū
	f		تُمْرَخِي tumraḵī	تُمْرَخَ tumraḵa			تُمْرَخَا tumraḵā			تُمْرَخْنَ tumraḵna	يُمْرَخْنَ yumraḵna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُمْرَخْ ʔumraḵ	تُمْرَخْ tumraḵ	يُمْرَخْ yumraḵ		تُمْرَخَا tumraḵā	يُمْرَخَا yumraḵā		نُمْرَخْ numraḵ	تُمْرَخُوا tumraḵū	يُمْرَخُوا yumraḵū
	f		تُمْرَخِي tumraḵī	تُمْرَخْ tumraḵ			تُمْرَخَا tumraḵā			تُمْرَخْنَ tumraḵna	يُمْرَخْنَ yumraḵna

Verb

مَرَّخَ • (marraḵa) II, non-past يُمَرِّخُ‎ (yumarriḵu)

1. synonym of مَرَخَ (maraḵa)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

مَرَّخَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَمْرِيخ tamrīḵ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُمَرِّخ mumarriḵ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُمَرَّخ mumarraḵ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَرَّخْتُ marraḵtu	مَرَّخْتَ marraḵta	مَرَّخَ marraḵa		مَرَّخْتُمَا marraḵtumā	مَرَّخَا marraḵā		مَرَّخْنَا marraḵnā	مَرَّخْتُمْ marraḵtum	مَرَّخُوا marraḵū
	f		مَرَّخْتِ marraḵti	مَرَّخَتْ marraḵat			مَرَّخَتَا marraḵatā			مَرَّخْتُنَّ marraḵtunna	مَرَّخْنَ marraḵna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُمَرِّخُ ʔumarriḵu	تُمَرِّخُ tumarriḵu	يُمَرِّخُ yumarriḵu		تُمَرِّخَانِ tumarriḵāni	يُمَرِّخَانِ yumarriḵāni		نُمَرِّخُ numarriḵu	تُمَرِّخُونَ tumarriḵūna	يُمَرِّخُونَ yumarriḵūna
	f		تُمَرِّخِينَ tumarriḵīna	تُمَرِّخُ tumarriḵu			تُمَرِّخَانِ tumarriḵāni			تُمَرِّخْنَ tumarriḵna	يُمَرِّخْنَ yumarriḵna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُمَرِّخَ ʔumarriḵa	تُمَرِّخَ tumarriḵa	يُمَرِّخَ yumarriḵa		تُمَرِّخَا tumarriḵā	يُمَرِّخَا yumarriḵā		نُمَرِّخَ numarriḵa	تُمَرِّخُوا tumarriḵū	يُمَرِّخُوا yumarriḵū
	f		تُمَرِّخِي tumarriḵī	تُمَرِّخَ tumarriḵa			تُمَرِّخَا tumarriḵā			تُمَرِّخْنَ tumarriḵna	يُمَرِّخْنَ yumarriḵna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُمَرِّخْ ʔumarriḵ	تُمَرِّخْ tumarriḵ	يُمَرِّخْ yumarriḵ		تُمَرِّخَا tumarriḵā	يُمَرِّخَا yumarriḵā		نُمَرِّخْ numarriḵ	تُمَرِّخُوا tumarriḵū	يُمَرِّخُوا yumarriḵū
	f		تُمَرِّخِي tumarriḵī	تُمَرِّخْ tumarriḵ			تُمَرِّخَا tumarriḵā			تُمَرِّخْنَ tumarriḵna	يُمَرِّخْنَ yumarriḵna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		مَرِّخْ marriḵ			مَرِّخَا marriḵā				مَرِّخُوا marriḵū
	f		مَرِّخِي marriḵī							مَرِّخْنَ marriḵna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مُرِّخْتُ murriḵtu	مُرِّخْتَ murriḵta	مُرِّخَ murriḵa		مُرِّخْتُمَا murriḵtumā	مُرِّخَا murriḵā		مُرِّخْنَا murriḵnā	مُرِّخْتُمْ murriḵtum	مُرِّخُوا murriḵū
	f		مُرِّخْتِ murriḵti	مُرِّخَتْ murriḵat			مُرِّخَتَا murriḵatā			مُرِّخْتُنَّ murriḵtunna	مُرِّخْنَ murriḵna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُمَرَّخُ ʔumarraḵu	تُمَرَّخُ tumarraḵu	يُمَرَّخُ yumarraḵu		تُمَرَّخَانِ tumarraḵāni	يُمَرَّخَانِ yumarraḵāni		نُمَرَّخُ numarraḵu	تُمَرَّخُونَ tumarraḵūna	يُمَرَّخُونَ yumarraḵūna
	f		تُمَرَّخِينَ tumarraḵīna	تُمَرَّخُ tumarraḵu			تُمَرَّخَانِ tumarraḵāni			تُمَرَّخْنَ tumarraḵna	يُمَرَّخْنَ yumarraḵna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُمَرَّخَ ʔumarraḵa	تُمَرَّخَ tumarraḵa	يُمَرَّخَ yumarraḵa		تُمَرَّخَا tumarraḵā	يُمَرَّخَا yumarraḵā		نُمَرَّخَ numarraḵa	تُمَرَّخُوا tumarraḵū	يُمَرَّخُوا yumarraḵū
	f		تُمَرَّخِي tumarraḵī	تُمَرَّخَ tumarraḵa			تُمَرَّخَا tumarraḵā			تُمَرَّخْنَ tumarraḵna	يُمَرَّخْنَ yumarraḵna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُمَرَّخْ ʔumarraḵ	تُمَرَّخْ tumarraḵ	يُمَرَّخْ yumarraḵ		تُمَرَّخَا tumarraḵā	يُمَرَّخَا yumarraḵā		نُمَرَّخْ numarraḵ	تُمَرَّخُوا tumarraḵū	يُمَرَّخُوا yumarraḵū
	f		تُمَرَّخِي tumarraḵī	تُمَرَّخْ tumarraḵ			تُمَرَّخَا tumarraḵā			تُمَرَّخْنَ tumarraḵna	يُمَرَّخْنَ yumarraḵna

Noun

مَرْخ • (marḵ) m

1. verbal noun of مَرَخَ (maraḵa) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun مَرْخ (marḵ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرْخ marḵ	الْمَرْخ al-marḵ	مَرْخ marḵ
Nominative	مَرْخٌ marḵun	الْمَرْخُ al-marḵu	مَرْخُ marḵu
Accusative	مَرْخًا marḵan	الْمَرْخَ al-marḵa	مَرْخَ marḵa
Genitive	مَرْخٍ marḵin	الْمَرْخِ al-marḵi	مَرْخِ marḵi

مَرْخ

Noun

مَرْخ • (marḵ) m (collective, singulative مَرْخَة f (marḵa))

1. Leptadenia pyrotechnica

Declension

Declension of noun مَرْخ (marḵ)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرْخ marḵ	الْمَرْخ al-marḵ	مَرْخ marḵ
Nominative	مَرْخٌ marḵun	الْمَرْخُ al-marḵu	مَرْخُ marḵu
Accusative	مَرْخًا marḵan	الْمَرْخَ al-marḵa	مَرْخَ marḵa
Genitive	مَرْخٍ marḵin	الْمَرْخِ al-marḵi	مَرْخِ marḵi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرْخَة marḵa	الْمَرْخَة al-marḵa	مَرْخَة marḵat
Nominative	مَرْخَةٌ marḵatun	الْمَرْخَةُ al-marḵatu	مَرْخَةُ marḵatu
Accusative	مَرْخَةً marḵatan	الْمَرْخَةَ al-marḵata	مَرْخَةَ marḵata
Genitive	مَرْخَةٍ marḵatin	الْمَرْخَةِ al-marḵati	مَرْخَةِ marḵati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرْخَتَيْن marḵatayn	الْمَرْخَتَيْن al-marḵatayn	مَرْخَتَيْ marḵatay
Nominative	مَرْخَتَانِ marḵatāni	الْمَرْخَتَانِ al-marḵatāni	مَرْخَتَا marḵatā
Accusative	مَرْخَتَيْنِ marḵatayni	الْمَرْخَتَيْنِ al-marḵatayni	مَرْخَتَيْ marḵatay
Genitive	مَرْخَتَيْنِ marḵatayni	الْمَرْخَتَيْنِ al-marḵatayni	مَرْخَتَيْ marḵatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرْخَات marḵāt	الْمَرْخَات al-marḵāt	مَرْخَات marḵāt
Nominative	مَرْخَاتٌ marḵātun	الْمَرْخَاتُ al-marḵātu	مَرْخَاتُ marḵātu
Accusative	مَرْخَاتٍ marḵātin	الْمَرْخَاتِ al-marḵāti	مَرْخَاتِ marḵāti
Genitive	مَرْخَاتٍ marḵātin	الْمَرْخَاتِ al-marḵāti	مَرْخَاتِ marḵāti

Descendants

• Najdi Arabic: مرخ (marḵ, “Leptadenia pyrotechnica”)

Adjective

مَرِخ • (mariḵ)

1. slack, flaccid, soft

Declension

Declension of adjective مَرِخ (mariḵ)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَرِخ mariḵ	الْمَرِخ al-mariḵ	مَرِخَة mariḵa	الْمَرِخَة al-mariḵa
Nominative	مَرِخٌ mariḵun	الْمَرِخُ al-mariḵu	مَرِخَةٌ mariḵatun	الْمَرِخَةُ al-mariḵatu
Accusative	مَرِخًا mariḵan	الْمَرِخَ al-mariḵa	مَرِخَةً mariḵatan	الْمَرِخَةَ al-mariḵata
Genitive	مَرِخٍ mariḵin	الْمَرِخِ al-mariḵi	مَرِخَةٍ mariḵatin	الْمَرِخَةِ al-mariḵati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَرِخَيْن mariḵayn	الْمَرِخَيْن al-mariḵayn	مَرِخَتَيْن mariḵatayn	الْمَرِخَتَيْن al-mariḵatayn
Nominative	مَرِخَانِ mariḵāni	الْمَرِخَانِ al-mariḵāni	مَرِخَتَانِ mariḵatāni	الْمَرِخَتَانِ al-mariḵatāni
Accusative	مَرِخَيْنِ mariḵayni	الْمَرِخَيْنِ al-mariḵayni	مَرِخَتَيْنِ mariḵatayni	الْمَرِخَتَيْنِ al-mariḵatayni
Genitive	مَرِخَيْنِ mariḵayni	الْمَرِخَيْنِ al-mariḵayni	مَرِخَتَيْنِ mariḵatayni	الْمَرِخَتَيْنِ al-mariḵatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَرِخِين mariḵīn	الْمَرِخِين al-mariḵīn	مَرِخَات mariḵāt	الْمَرِخَات al-mariḵāt
Nominative	مَرِخُونَ mariḵūna	الْمَرِخُونَ al-mariḵūna	مَرِخَاتٌ mariḵātun	الْمَرِخَاتُ al-mariḵātu
Accusative	مَرِخِينَ mariḵīna	الْمَرِخِينَ al-mariḵīna	مَرِخَاتٍ mariḵātin	الْمَرِخَاتِ al-mariḵāti
Genitive	مَرِخِينَ mariḵīna	الْمَرِخِينَ al-mariḵīna	مَرِخَاتٍ mariḵātin	الْمَرِخَاتِ al-mariḵāti

References

• Freytag, Georg (1837) “مرخ”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 167
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “مرخ”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2705
• Mandaville, James Paul (2011) Bedouin Ethnobotany. Plant Concepts and Uses in a Desert Pastoral World, Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, →ISBN, pages 95, 104, 114–115, 238, 242–243
• Watson, Wilfred G. E. (2004) “A Botanical Snapshot of Ugaritic”, in Aula Orientalis‎^[3], volume 22, number 1, Barcelona, pages 115–116
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “مرخ”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1998

Najdi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic مَرْخ (marḵ).

Noun

مرخ (marḵ) m (singulative مرخة (marḵa))

1. Leptadenia pyrotechnica

Derived terms

• مريخة (“murayḵa”, diminutive)
• مريخي (“mrēḵī”, Cornulaca arabica after the seeds have fallen)

Persian

Etymology

Akin to Arabic مَرْخ (marḵ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [maɾx]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɾx]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɾx]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mäɾx]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mäɾx]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæɹx]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɾχ]

Readings
Classical reading?	marx
Dari reading?	marx
Iranian reading?	marx
Tajik reading?	marx

Noun

مرخ • (marx)

1. a particular tree (clarification of this definition is needed)
2. the lower one of the two pieces of wood from which fire is struck by rubbing, the upper being called عفار ('afâr), and both taking their names from the tree from which they are respectively cut

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: մարխ (marx)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “مرخ”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “مرخ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press