مشفق

Arabic edit

Root
ش ف ق (š-f-q)

Etymology edit

Derived from the active participle of أَشْفَقَ (ʔašfaqa, “to pity”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /muʃ.fiq/

Adjective edit

مُشْفِق • (mušfiq) (feminine مُشْفِقَة (mušfiqa), masculine plural مُشْفِقُونَ (mušfiqūna), feminine plural مُشْفِقَات (mušfiqāt))

active participle of أَشْفَقَ (ʔašfaqa)
compassionately kind; sympathetic

Declension edit

Declension of adjective مُشْفِق (mušfiq)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْفِق mušfiq	الْمُشْفِق al-mušfiq	مُشْفِقَة mušfiqa	الْمُشْفِقَة al-mušfiqa
Nominative	مُشْفِقٌ mušfiqun	الْمُشْفِقُ al-mušfiqu	مُشْفِقَةٌ mušfiqatun	الْمُشْفِقَةُ al-mušfiqatu
Accusative	مُشْفِقًا mušfiqan	الْمُشْفِقَ al-mušfiqa	مُشْفِقَةً mušfiqatan	الْمُشْفِقَةَ al-mušfiqata
Genitive	مُشْفِقٍ mušfiqin	الْمُشْفِقِ al-mušfiqi	مُشْفِقَةٍ mušfiqatin	الْمُشْفِقَةِ al-mušfiqati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْفِقَيْن mušfiqayn	الْمُشْفِقَيْن al-mušfiqayn	مُشْفِقَتَيْن mušfiqatayn	الْمُشْفِقَتَيْن al-mušfiqatayn
Nominative	مُشْفِقَانِ mušfiqāni	الْمُشْفِقَانِ al-mušfiqāni	مُشْفِقَتَانِ mušfiqatāni	الْمُشْفِقَتَانِ al-mušfiqatāni
Accusative	مُشْفِقَيْنِ mušfiqayni	الْمُشْفِقَيْنِ al-mušfiqayni	مُشْفِقَتَيْنِ mušfiqatayni	الْمُشْفِقَتَيْنِ al-mušfiqatayni
Genitive	مُشْفِقَيْنِ mušfiqayni	الْمُشْفِقَيْنِ al-mušfiqayni	مُشْفِقَتَيْنِ mušfiqatayni	الْمُشْفِقَتَيْنِ al-mušfiqatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْفِقِين mušfiqīn	الْمُشْفِقِين al-mušfiqīn	مُشْفِقَات mušfiqāt	الْمُشْفِقَات al-mušfiqāt
Nominative	مُشْفِقُونَ mušfiqūna	الْمُشْفِقُونَ al-mušfiqūna	مُشْفِقَاتٌ mušfiqātun	الْمُشْفِقَاتُ al-mušfiqātu
Accusative	مُشْفِقِينَ mušfiqīna	الْمُشْفِقِينَ al-mušfiqīna	مُشْفِقَاتٍ mušfiqātin	الْمُشْفِقَاتِ al-mušfiqāti
Genitive	مُشْفِقِينَ mušfiqīna	الْمُشْفِقِينَ al-mušfiqīna	مُشْفِقَاتٍ mušfiqātin	الْمُشْفِقَاتِ al-mušfiqāti

Descendants edit

→ Azerbaijani: müşfiq
→ Persian: مشفق (mošfeq)
- → Urdu: مُشفِق
→ Ottoman Turkish: مشفق (müşfik)
- → Turkish: müşfik
→ Uzbek: mushfiq

Persian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic مُشْفِق (mušfiq).

Pronunciation edit

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [muʃ.ˈfiq]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊʃ.fɪ́q]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊʃ.fɪ́q]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [muʃ.fíq]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [moʃ.féɢ̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [muʃ.fíq]

Readings
Classical reading^?	mušfiq
Dari reading^?	mušfiq
Iranian reading^?	mošfeğ
Tajik reading^?	mušfiq

Adjective edit

مُشْفِق • (mošfeq) (comparative مُشْفِق‌تَر (mošfeq-tar), superlative مُشْفِق‌تَرین (mošfeq-tarin))

(of people) kind; tender; compassionate
Synonyms: مهربان (mehrabân), دلسوز (delsuz), سفیق (šafiq)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 173:
  من غم تو می‌‌خورم تو غم مخور
  بر تو من مشفق‌‌ترم از صد پدر
  man ğamm-i tu mē-xwaram tu ğam ma-xwar
  bar tu man mušfiq-tar-am az sad pidar
  I will be anxious for you, be not you anxious: I am kinder to you than a hundred fathers.

Derived terms edit

مشفقانه (mošfeqâne, “kind (of actions); kindly”)