kind
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English kynde, kunde, cunde, icunde, from Old English cynd (“generation, kind, nature, race”), ġecynd, from Proto-Germanic *kundiz, *gakundiz, related to *kunją. Cognate with Icelandic kind (“race, species, kind”). See also kin.
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
kind (plural kinds)
- A type, race or category; a group of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together.
- What kind of a person are you?
- This is a strange kind of tobacco.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book III, canto V, stanza 1:
- How diversely Love doth his pageants play, / And shews his powre in variable kinds !
- 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest[1]:
- “[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes like
Here's rattling good luck and roaring good cheer, / With lashings of food and great hogsheads of beer. […]”
- A makeshift or otherwise atypical specimen.
- The opening served as a kind of window.
- 1884, Mark Twain, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Chapter VIII
- I got my traps out of the canoe and made me a nice camp in the thick woods. I made a kind of a tent out of my blankets to put my things under so the rain couldn't get at them.
- (archaic) One's inherent nature; character, natural disposition.
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter vij, in Le Morte Darthur, book III:
- And whan he cam ageyne he sayd / O my whyte herte / me repenteth that thow art dede / […] / and thy deth shalle be dere bought and I lyue / and anone he wente in to his chamber and armed hym / and came oute fyersly / & there mette he with syr gauayne / why haue ye slayne my houndes said syr gauayn / for they dyd but their kynde
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter vij, in Le Morte Darthur, book III:
- (archaic) Family, lineage.
- (archaic) Manner.
- Goods or services used as payment, as e.g. in barter.
- 1691, John Dryden, Prologue to King Arthur
- Some of you, on pure instinct of nature, / Are led by kind t'admire your fellow-creature.
- 1691, John Dryden, Prologue to King Arthur
- Equivalent means used as response to an action.
- I'll pay in kind for his insult.
- (Christianity) Each of the two elements of the communion service, bread and wine.
Usage notesEdit
In sense “goods or services” or “equivalent means”, used almost exclusively with “in” in expression in kind.
SynonymsEdit
(1) and/or (2)
- generation
- offspring
- child
- See also Thesaurus:class
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
|
|
|
|
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English kinde, kunde, kende, from Old English cynde, ġecynde (“innate, natural, native”), from Old English cynd, ġecynd (“nature, kind”).
Alternative formsEdit
- kinde (obsolete)
AdjectiveEdit
kind (comparative kinder, superlative kindest)
- Having a benevolent, courteous, friendly, generous, gentle, liberal, sympathetic, or warm-hearted nature or disposition, marked by consideration for – and service to – others.
- c. 1588–1593, [William Shakespeare], The Most Lamentable Romaine Tragedie of Titus Andronicus: […] (First Quarto), London: […] Iohn Danter, and are to be sold by Edward White & Thomas Millington, […], published 1594, OCLC 222241046, [Act II, scene iii]:
- Some ſay that Rauens foſter forlorne children, / The whilſt their owne birds famiſh in their neſts: / Oh be to me though thy hard hart ſay no, / Nothing ſo kinde but ſomething pittiful.
- Affectionate.
- a kind man; a kind heart
- 1770, Oliver Goldsmith, The Deserted Village
- Yet was he kind, or if severe in aught, / The love he bore to learning was in fault.
- Favorable.
- Mild, gentle, forgiving
- The years have been kind to Richard Gere; he ages well.
- Gentle; tractable; easily governed.
- a horse kind in harness
- (obsolete) Characteristic of the species; belonging to one's nature; natural; native.
- c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, I:
- Ȝet haue I no kynde knowing quod I · ȝet mote ȝe kenne me better.
- 1601, Philemon Holland, The Historie of the World, commonly called the Naturall Historie (originally by Pliny the Elder)
- it becommeth sweeter than it should be, and loseth the kind tast.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)
- c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, I:
SynonymsEdit
- See also Thesaurus:affectionate
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
|
|
|
|
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Further readingEdit
AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Dutch kind, from Middle Dutch kint, from Old Dutch kint, from Proto-Germanic *kindą (“offspring”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁tóm.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kind (plural kinders)
AnagramsEdit
DanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse kinn, from Proto-Germanic *kinnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénu- (“cheek”). Compare Swedish kind, Norwegian and Icelandic kinn, Low German and German Kinn, Dutch kin, English chin.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kind c (singular definite kinden, plural indefinite kinder)
InflectionEdit
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Dutch kint, from Old Dutch kint, from Proto-West Germanic *kind (“offspring”), from Proto-Germanic *kindą (“offspring”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁tóm (“that which is produced, that which is given birth to”), related to *ǵn̥h₁tós (“produced, given birth”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to give birth”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kind n (plural kinderen or kinders, diminutive kindje n or kindertje n or kindeken n or kindelijn n)
- child, kid, non-adult human
- Lieve kinderen, wij missen jullie. (typical paedagogical window message during COVID-19 measures)
- Dear children, we miss you.
- descendant, still a minor or irrespective of age
- In sommige patriarchale tradities blijven kinderen levenslang onvoorwaardelijk onderworpen aan het vaderlijk gezag, zoals aanvankelijk in het Oude Rome, in andere houdt een zoon op kind te zijn door zijn eigen gezin te stichten
- In certain patriarchal traditions, children remain subject to unconditional paternal authority for life, as originally in Ancient Rome, in other ones a son ceases to be a child by founding his own family
- Synonyms: afstammeling, telg
- In sommige patriarchale tradities blijven kinderen levenslang onvoorwaardelijk onderworpen aan het vaderlijk gezag, zoals aanvankelijk in het Oude Rome, in andere houdt een zoon op kind te zijn door zijn eigen gezin te stichten
- (figuratively) product of influence, breeding etc.
Usage notesEdit
- The normal plural is kinderen. The form kinders is heard colloquially, often also humorously.
- In compounds, the word can take the form kinder- or kind- as a tail. The former is used more often, however.
- The dimunitive kindelijn is now archaic, but can still be found in some fossilized songs and religious texts.
Derived termsEdit
- bastaardkind
- bevrijdingskind
- geesteskind
- kankerkind
- kerstekind
- kerstkind
- kind aan huis
- kindbruid
- kindbruidegom
- kinderachtig
- kinderarts
- kinderbed
- kinderbedtijd
- kinderbescherming
- kinderbijbel
- kinderbijslag
- kinderboek
- kinderboerderij
- kinderdagverblijf
- kinderfeest
- kinderfiets
- kinderhandel
- kinderhoofdje
- kinderkamer
- kinderkanker
- kinderkliniek
- kinderkoor
- kinderlijk
- kinderlijk
- kinderlokker
- kinderloos
- kindermeisje
- kindermishandeling
- kindermoord
- kinderoffer
- kinderoppas
- kinderopvang
- kinderporno
- kinderpornografie
- kinderpraat
- kinderrechter
- kinderschoen
- kinderspeelplaats
- kinderspel
- kindersterfte
- kinderstoel
- kindertaal
- kindertehuis
- kindertijd
- kindertuin
- kinderverhaal
- kinderwagen
- kinderwens
- kinderwereld
- kinderziekte
- kinderzorg
- kinds
- kindsoldaat
- kindvriendelijk
- kleinkind
- koningskind
- kutkind
- liefdeskind
- mensenkind
- metekind
- oorlogskind
- petekind
- pleegkind
- rotkind
- schoolkind
- stadskind
- stiefkind
- straatkind
- voogdijkind
- weeskind
- wiegekind
- wolfskind
- wonderkind
- zondagskind
- zorgenkind
See alsoEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Afrikaans: kind
IcelandicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse kind, from Proto-Germanic *kinþiz, cognate with Latin gēns (“clan, tribe”). The sense of “sheep” is derived from the compound sauðkind, literally “sheep-kind”.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kind f
- (obsolete) race, kind, kin
- a sheep (especially a ewe)
- (dated) used as a term of disparagement for a girl (or woman)
DeclensionEdit
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Norwegian NynorskEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse kind f, from Proto-Germanic *kinþiz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis. Akin to English kind.
NounEdit
kind m (definite singular kinden, indefinite plural kindar, definite plural kindane)
kind n (definite singular kindet, indefinite plural kind, definite plural kinda)
ReferencesEdit
- “kind” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old NorseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *kinþiz. Compare Latin gēns (“clan, tribe”).
NounEdit
kind f (genitive kindar, plural kindir or kindr)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Icelandic: kind f
ReferencesEdit
- kind in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old SaxonEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *kind (“child”).
NounEdit
kind n
DeclensionEdit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | kind | kind |
accusative | kind | kind |
genitive | kindes | kindō |
dative | kinde | kindun |
instrumental | — | — |
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | kind | kindiru |
accusative | kind | kindiru |
genitive | kindes | kindirō |
dative | kinde | kindirum |
instrumental | — | — |
DescendantsEdit
SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse kinn, from Proto-Germanic *kinnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénu- (“cheek”). Compare Danish kind, Norwegian and Icelandic kinn, German Kinn, Dutch kin, English chin.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kind c
DeclensionEdit
Declension of kind | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | kind | kinden | kinder | kinderna |
Genitive | kinds | kindens | kinders | kindernas |
ZealandicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Dutch kint
NounEdit
kind n (plural kinders)