گوگرد

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwklt'), 𐫃𐫇𐫃𐫏𐫡𐫅 (gwgyrd /⁠gōgird⁠/, “sulphur”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬋𐬵𐬎𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬌 (vōhukər^əti), Sogdian 𐫄𐫇𐫐𐫤 (ɣwkt /⁠γōkət⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡoː.ˈɡiɾð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡoː.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡoː.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡoː.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ɡíɹd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥uː.ɡʲéɹd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡɵ.ɡíɹd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	gōgird
Dari reading?	gōgird
Iranian reading?	gugerd
Tajik reading?	gügird

Noun

گوگرد • (gôgerd)

Dari	گوگرد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гӯгирд

1. sulphur, sulfur
   • 1259, Saadi Shirazi, Gulistan, chapter 3, story 21:

     گفت گوگرد پارسی خواهم بردن به چین که شنیدم قیمتی عظیم دارد […]

     guft: "gôgird-i pârsî xwâham burdan ba čîn ki šanîdam qaymatê azîm dârad […]

     [He] said: "I will bring Persian sulfur to China, as I have heard it is highly valued […] "

Related terms

• گوگردی (gôgerdi)
• گوگرد سرخ (gôgerd-e sorx), گوگرد احمر (gôgerd-e ahmar, “Red Sulphur, Philosopher's stone”)
• جوهر گوگرد (jowhar-e gôgerd)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: kükürd
• → Bashkir: көкөрт (kökört)
• → Chuvash: кӳкӗрт (kük̬ĕrt)
• → Georgian: გოგირდი (gogirdi)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: गोगिर्द (gogird)

  Urdu: گوگرد (gugird, gogird)

• → Kazakh: күкірт (kükırt)
• → Kyrgyz: күкүрт (kükürt)
• → Ottoman Turkish: گوگرد (gûgird)
• → Mongolian: хүхэр (xüxer)
• → Southern Altai: кӱӱрт (küürt)
• → Tatar: күкерт (kükert)
• → Turkish: kükürt
• → Turkmen: kükürt
• → Uyghur: گۈڭگۈرت (günggürt) / گۇگۇت (gugut)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian گوگرد (gōgird, gūgird).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɡoː.ɡɪɾd̪/

Noun

گوگرد • (gogird) f (Hindi spelling गोगिर्द)

1. sulphur, sulfur

References

• Platts, John T. (1884) “گوگرد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page ur