Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hángāras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hángāras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óngʷl̥. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic ѫгль (ǫglĭ), Lithuanian anglis, Old Armenian ածուղ (acuł).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    अङ्गा॑र (áṅgāra) stemm

    1. charcoal, either heated or not heated
      • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.34.9:
        नी॒चा व॑र्तन्त उ॒परि॑ स्फुरन्त्यह॒स्तासो॒ हस्त॑वन्तं सहन्ते।
        दि॒व्या अङ्गा॑रा॒ इरि॑णे॒ न्यु॑प्ताः शी॒ताः सन्तो॒ हृद॑यं॒ निर्द॑हन्ति॥
        nīcā́ vartanta upári sphurantyahastā́so hástavantaṃ sahante.
        divyā́ áṅgārā íriṇe nyùptāḥ śītā́ḥ sánto hṛ́dayaṃ nírdahanti.
        Downward they roll, and then spring quickly upward, and, handless, force the man with hands to serve them.
        Cast on the board, like lumps of magic charcoal, though cold themselves they burn the heart to ashes.
    2. the planet Mars
      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:मङ्गल
    3. the plant hitāvalī

    Declension

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    Masculine a-stem declension of अङ्गार
    singular dual plural
    nominative अङ्गारः (áṅgāraḥ) अङ्गारौ (áṅgārau)
    अङ्गारा¹ (áṅgārā¹)
    अङ्गाराः (áṅgārāḥ)
    अङ्गारासः¹ (áṅgārāsaḥ¹)
    accusative अङ्गारम् (áṅgāram) अङ्गारौ (áṅgārau)
    अङ्गारा¹ (áṅgārā¹)
    अङ्गारान् (áṅgārān)
    instrumental अङ्गारेण (áṅgāreṇa) अङ्गाराभ्याम् (áṅgārābhyām) अङ्गारैः (áṅgāraiḥ)
    अङ्गारेभिः¹ (áṅgārebhiḥ¹)
    dative अङ्गाराय (áṅgārāya) अङ्गाराभ्याम् (áṅgārābhyām) अङ्गारेभ्यः (áṅgārebhyaḥ)
    ablative अङ्गारात् (áṅgārāt) अङ्गाराभ्याम् (áṅgārābhyām) अङ्गारेभ्यः (áṅgārebhyaḥ)
    genitive अङ्गारस्य (áṅgārasya) अङ्गारयोः (áṅgārayoḥ) अङ्गाराणाम् (áṅgārāṇām)
    locative अङ्गारे (áṅgāre) अङ्गारयोः (áṅgārayoḥ) अङ्गारेषु (áṅgāreṣu)
    vocative अङ्गार (áṅgāra) अङ्गारौ (áṅgārau)
    अङ्गारा¹ (áṅgārā¹)
    अङ्गाराः (áṅgārāḥ)
    अङ्गारासः¹ (áṅgārāsaḥ¹)
    • ¹Vedic

    Descendants

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    • Pali: aṅgāra
    • Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀭 (aṃgāra), 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀮 (aṃgāla) (see there for further descendants)
    Borrowed terms

    References

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    • Monier Williams (1899) “अङ्गार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 8/1.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 48
    • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “áṅgāra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 7