अरण्य

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অৰণ্য (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬭᬡ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
• অরণ্য (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰨𑰜𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• အရဏျ (Burmese script)
• અરણ્ય (Gujarati script)
• ਅਰਣ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌰𑌣𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦫꦟꦾ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂩𑂝𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಅರಣ್ಯ (Kannada script)
• អរណ្យ (Khmer script)
• ອຣຓ຺ຍ (Lao script)
• അരണ്യ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᡵᠠᢏᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘨𑘜𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᠠᠷᠠᢏᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑧈𑦼𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐬𑐞𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଅରଣ୍ଯ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢬꢠ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆫𑆟𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖨𑖜𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
• අරණ්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩼𑩪 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚤𑚘𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
• அரண்ய (Tamil script)
• అరణ్య (Telugu script)
• อรณฺย (Thai script)
• ཨ་ར་ཎྱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒩𑒝𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨫𑨘𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From अरण (áraṇa, “strange, foreign”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“other, foreign”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́.ɾɐɳ.jɐ/, [ɐ́.ɾɐj̃.jɐ]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐˈɾɐɳ.jɐ/

Noun

अरण्य • (áraṇya) stem, n

1. a foreign or a distant land
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.10:

     सच॑स्व ना॒यम् अव॑से अ॒भीक॑ इ॒तो वा॒ तम् इ॑न्द्र पाहि रि॒षः ।
     अ॒मा चै॑न॒म् अर॑ण्ये पाहि रि॒षो मदे॑म श॒तहि॑माः सु॒वीराः॑ ॥

     sácasva nāyám ávase abhī́ka itó vā tám indra pāhi riṣáḥ.
     amā́ cainam áraṇye pāhi riṣó mádema śatáhimāḥ suvī́rāḥ.

     Hasting to help, come hither and protect him, keep him from harm when he is here, O Indra.
     At home, abroad, from injury preserve him. May brave sons gladden us through a hundred winters.

2. forest, wilderness
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
3. a desert
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of अरण्य (áraṇya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अरण्यम् áraṇyam	अरण्ये áraṇye	अरण्यानि / अरण्या¹ áraṇyāni / áraṇyā¹
Vocative	अरण्य áraṇya	अरण्ये áraṇye	अरण्यानि / अरण्या¹ áraṇyāni / áraṇyā¹
Accusative	अरण्यम् áraṇyam	अरण्ये áraṇye	अरण्यानि / अरण्या¹ áraṇyāni / áraṇyā¹
Instrumental	अरण्येन áraṇyena	अरण्याभ्याम् áraṇyābhyām	अरण्यैः / अरण्येभिः¹ áraṇyaiḥ / áraṇyebhiḥ¹
Dative	अरण्याय áraṇyāya	अरण्याभ्याम् áraṇyābhyām	अरण्येभ्यः áraṇyebhyaḥ
Ablative	अरण्यात् áraṇyāt	अरण्याभ्याम् áraṇyābhyām	अरण्येभ्यः áraṇyebhyaḥ
Genitive	अरण्यस्य áraṇyasya	अरण्ययोः áraṇyayoḥ	अरण्यानाम् áraṇyānām
Locative	अरण्ये áraṇye	अरण्ययोः áraṇyayoḥ	अरण्येषु áraṇyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (raṇṇa)
• Bengali: অরণ্য (oronno)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (raṇṇa)
  • Konkani: राण (rāṇ, “forest”)
• Pali: arañña
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (araṇṇa)
• → Kannada: ಅರಣ್ಯ (araṇya)
• → Telugu: అరణ్యము (araṇyamu)
• → Tocharian B: āraṇyāyataṃ
• → Tulu: ಅರಣ್ಯ (araṇya)

References

• “अ॑रण्य” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 40, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अरण्य”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 026
• Monier Williams (1899) “अरण्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 86, column 3.
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 066