उल्का
Hindi edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उल्का (ulkā́, “meteor”), which is probably related to Sanskrit वर्चस्- (várcas-, “luster”), from a root Proto-Indo-Iranian *warč-. Cognates include Hindi ऊक (ūk, “torch”), Bengali ঊক্ (uk, “torch”), Odia ଉକା (uka, “torch, flash of fire, meteor”), Punjabi ਉਲਕਾ (ulakā), Assamese উকা (uka, “ignis fatuus”), Persian ورج (varj, “dignity”).[1][2]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
उल्का • (ulkā) f
- (astronomy) meteor
- उल्का वर्षा ― ulkā varṣā ― meteor shower
- (Can we date this quote?), Pradeep Kumar Mishra, अंतरिक्ष नगर [antrikṣ nagar, Space City]:
- परंतु पंकज इधर-उधर ऊपर-नीचे होकर बचता रहा। अचानक दोनों के बीच में एक बड़ा सा उल्का पिंड आ गया।
- parantu paṅkaj idhar-udhar ūpar-nīce hokar bactā rahā. acānak donõ ke bīc mẽ ek baṛā sā ulkā piṇḍ ā gayā.
- But Pankaj saved himself going here-and-there, under-and-over. Suddenly, a meteor came between the two.
Declension edit
Declension of उल्का (fem ā-stem)
References edit
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 231
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ulkā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 111
Further reading edit
- Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press
- Monier-Williams (1872): A Sanskṛit-English Dictionary Etymologically and Philologically Arranged: With Special Reference to Greek, Latin, Gothic, German, Anglo-Saxon, and Other Cognate Indo-European Languages
- Blažek, Václav (2010): The Indo-european "Smith"
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- উল্কা (Assamese script)
- ᬉᬮ᭄ᬓᬵ (Balinese script)
- উল্কা (Bengali script)
- 𑰄𑰩𑰿𑰎𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀉𑀮𑁆𑀓𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ဥလ္ကာ (Burmese script)
- ઉલ્કા (Gujarati script)
- ਉਲੑਕਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌉𑌲𑍍𑌕𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦈꦭ꧀ꦏꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂇𑂪𑂹𑂍𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಉಲ್ಕಾ (Kannada script)
- ឧល្កា (Khmer script)
- ອຸລ຺ກາ (Lao script)
- ഉല്കാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡠᠯᡬᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘄𑘩𑘿𑘎𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠤᠯᢉᠠᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦤𑧉𑧠𑦮𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐄𑐮𑑂𑐎𑐵 (Newa script)
- ଉଲ୍କା (Odia script)
- ꢆꢭ꣄ꢒꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆇𑆬𑇀𑆑𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖄𑖩𑖿𑖎𑖯 (Siddham script)
- උල්කා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩒𑩽 𑪙𑩜𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚄𑚥𑚶𑚊𑚭 (Takri script)
- உல்கா (Tamil script)
- ఉల్కా (Telugu script)
- อุลฺกา (Thai script)
- ཨུ་ལྐཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒅𑒪𑓂𑒏𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨃𑨬𑩇𑨋𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
Uncertain. Probably related to वर्चस् (várcas-, “lustre”). Maybe related to Latin Vulcānus.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
उल्का • (ulkā́) stem, f
Declension edit
| Feminine ā-stem declension of उल्का (ulkā́) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | उल्का ulkā́ |
उल्के ulké |
उल्काः ulkā́ḥ |
| Vocative | उल्के úlke |
उल्के úlke |
उल्काः úlkāḥ |
| Accusative | उल्काम् ulkā́m |
उल्के ulké |
उल्काः ulkā́ḥ |
| Instrumental | उल्कया / उल्का¹ ulkáyā / ulkā́¹ |
उल्काभ्याम् ulkā́bhyām |
उल्काभिः ulkā́bhiḥ |
| Dative | उल्कायै ulkā́yai |
उल्काभ्याम् ulkā́bhyām |
उल्काभ्यः ulkā́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | उल्कायाः / उल्कायै² ulkā́yāḥ / ulkā́yai² |
उल्काभ्याम् ulkā́bhyām |
उल्काभ्यः ulkā́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | उल्कायाः / उल्कायै² ulkā́yāḥ / ulkā́yai² |
उल्कयोः ulkáyoḥ |
उल्कानाम् ulkā́nām |
| Locative | उल्कायाम् ulkā́yām |
उल्कयोः ulkáyoḥ |
उल्कासु ulkā́su |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants edit
- → Hindi: उल्का (ulkā)
- → Kannada: ಉಲ್ಕೆ (ulke)
- → Telugu: ఉల్క (ulka)
- → Malayalam: ഉല്ക (ulka), ഉല്ക്ക (ulkka), ഉൽക (ulka), ഉൽക്ക (ulkka), ഉത്ക (utka)
References edit
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 231-32
Further reading edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “उल्का”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 218, column 3.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “उल्का”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उल्का”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उल्क”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016