उष्ट्र

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

উষ্ট্ৰ (Assamese script)
ᬉᬱ᭄ᬝ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
উষ্ট্র (Bengali script)
𑰄𑰬𑰿𑰘𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀉𑀱𑁆𑀝𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
ဥၑ္ဋြ (Burmese script)
ઉષ્ટ્ર (Gujarati script)
ਉਸ਼ੑਟੑਰ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌉𑌷𑍍𑌟𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
ꦈꦰ꧀ꦛꦿ (Javanese script)
𑂇𑂭𑂹𑂗𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
ಉಷ್ಟ್ರ (Kannada script)
ឧឞ្ដ្រ (Khmer script)
ອຸຩ຺ຏ຺ຣ (Lao script)
ഉഷ്ട്ര (Malayalam script)
ᡠᢢᢞᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘄𑘬𑘿𑘘𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
ᠤᢔᢌᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦤𑧌𑧠𑦸𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
𑐄𑐲𑑂𑐚𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
ଉଷ୍ଟ୍ର (Odia script)
ꢆꢰ꣄ꢜ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆇𑆰𑇀𑆛𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖄𑖬𑖿𑖘𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
උෂ‍්ට්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩒𑪀 𑪙𑩦 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
𑚄𑚶𑚔𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
உஷ்ட்ர (Tamil script)
ఉష్ట్ర (Telugu script)
อุษฺฏฺร (Thai script)
ཨུ་ཥྚྲ (Tibetan script)
𑒅𑒭𑓂𑒙𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨃𑨯𑩇𑨔𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *úštras; see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (uštra), Old English ūr.

Pronunciation edit

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /úʂ.ʈɾɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈuʂ.ʈɾɐ/

Noun edit

उष्ट्र • (úṣṭra) stem, m

camel
buffalo
a wagon or a cart drawn by either

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of उष्ट्र (úṣṭra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	उष्ट्रः úṣṭraḥ	उष्ट्रौ / उष्ट्रा¹ úṣṭrau / úṣṭrā¹	उष्ट्राः / उष्ट्रासः¹ úṣṭrāḥ / úṣṭrāsaḥ¹
Vocative	उष्ट्र úṣṭra	उष्ट्रौ / उष्ट्रा¹ úṣṭrau / úṣṭrā¹	उष्ट्राः / उष्ट्रासः¹ úṣṭrāḥ / úṣṭrāsaḥ¹
Accusative	उष्ट्रम् úṣṭram	उष्ट्रौ / उष्ट्रा¹ úṣṭrau / úṣṭrā¹	उष्ट्रान् úṣṭrān
Instrumental	उष्ट्रेण úṣṭreṇa	उष्ट्राभ्याम् úṣṭrābhyām	उष्ट्रैः / उष्ट्रेभिः¹ úṣṭraiḥ / úṣṭrebhiḥ¹
Dative	उष्ट्राय úṣṭrāya	उष्ट्राभ्याम् úṣṭrābhyām	उष्ट्रेभ्यः úṣṭrebhyaḥ
Ablative	उष्ट्रात् úṣṭrāt	उष्ट्राभ्याम् úṣṭrābhyām	उष्ट्रेभ्यः úṣṭrebhyaḥ
Genitive	उष्ट्रस्य úṣṭrasya	उष्ट्रयोः úṣṭrayoḥ	उष्ट्राणाम् úṣṭrāṇām
Locative	उष्ट्रे úṣṭre	उष्ट्रयोः úṣṭrayoḥ	उष्ट्रेषु úṣṭreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms edit

उष्ट्रवाहन (úṣṭravāhana, “Lord Hanumat, who rides the camel”)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: uṭṭāhana (“Lord Hanumat”)
  - Hindi: ऊँटान (ū̃ṭān, “Hanuman”)
  - Hindi: ऊँटवान (ū̃ṭ(a)vān, “Lord Hanuman”)
    - Hindi: ऊँटसवार (ū̃ṭsavār, “camel-rider”)

Descendants edit

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa)
Dardic:
- Kalasha: uṭ
- Kashmiri: ووٗنٛٹ (vūnṭ)
Helu Prakrit:
- Dhivehi: އޮށް (oṣ̊)
- Sinhalese: ඔටුවා (oṭuwā)
Magadhi Prakrit:
- Assamese: উট (ut)
- Bengali: উট (uṭ)
- Chakma: 𑄅𑄑𑄴 (uṭ), 𑄃𑄪𑄑𑄴 (uṭ)
- Odia: ଓଟ (oṭô)
Pali: oṭṭha (< vṛddhi derivative औष्ट्र (auṣṭra))
- → Lao: ອູດ (ʼūt)
- → Burmese: အုတ် (ut)
- → Khmer: អូដ្ឋ (ʼout) , ឩដ្ឋ (ʼout)
- → Thai: อูฐ (ùut)
Prakrit:
- → Burushaski: [script needed] (ūṭ)
- → Gondi: ఊటడ్ (ūṭaḍ)
- → Kannada: ಒಂಟೆ (oṇṭe)
- → Malayalam: ഒട്ടകം (oṭṭakaṁ)
- → Malay: unta
  - → Indonesian: unta
- → Tamil: ஒட்டகம் (oṭṭakam)
- → Telugu: ఒంటె (oṇṭe)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa), 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uṭṭha)
- Konkani: ओंटे (oṇṭe)
- Marathi: उंट (uṇṭa)
- Dhivehi: އޮށް (oṣ̊)
- Marathi: उंट (uṇṭa)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa)
- Gujarati: ઊંટ (ū̃ṭa)
- Hindustani:
  - Hindi: ऊँट (ū̃ṭ)
    - → English: oont
  - Urdu: اونٹ (ū̃ṭ)
- Nepali: ऊँट (ū̃ṭ)
- Punjabi: ਊਠ (ūṭha) / اوٹھ (ūṭh, ūṭhṭh)
- Rajasthani: ओठारू (oṭhārū)
- Sindhi: اُٺُ / उठु (uṭhu)
→ Bengali: উষ্ট্র (uśṭro)
→ Hindi: उष्ट्र (uṣṭra)

References edit

“उष्ट्र॑” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 94, column 2.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “उष्ट्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 055
Monier Williams (1899) “U’shṭra”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 220/3.