ओष्ठ

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ওষ্ঠ (Assamese script)
• ᬑᬱ᭄ᬞ (Balinese script)
• ওষ্ঠ (Bengali script)
• 𑰌𑰬𑰿𑰙 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀑𑀱𑁆𑀞 (Brahmi script)
• ဩၑ္ဌ (Burmese script)
• ઓષ્ઠ (Gujarati script)
• ਓਸ਼੍ਠ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌓𑌷𑍍𑌠 (Grantha script)
• ꦎꦰ꧀ꦜ (Javanese script)
• 𑂋𑂭𑂹𑂘 (Kaithi script)
• ಓಷ್ಠ (Kannada script)
• ឱឞ្ឋ (Khmer script)
• ໂອຩ຺ຐ (Lao script)
• ഓഷ്ഠ (Malayalam script)
• ᠣᢢᡱᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘌𑘬𑘿𑘙 (Modi script)
• ᠣᠸᠠᢔᢍᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦬𑧌𑧠𑦹 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐌𑐲𑑂𑐛 (Newa script)
• ଓଷ୍ଠ (Odia script)
• ꢐꢰ꣄ꢝ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆏𑆰𑇀𑆜 (Sharada script)
• 𑖌𑖬𑖿𑖙 (Siddham script)
• ඔෂ‍්ඨ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩕𑪀 𑪙𑩧 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚈𑚶𑚕 (Takri script)
• ஓஷ்ட² (Tamil script)
• ఓష్ఠ (Telugu script)
• โอษฺฐ (Thai script)
• ཨོ་ཥྛ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒍𑒭𑓂𑒚 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨆𑨯𑩇𑨕 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwštʰas (“lip”), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os (“mouth”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬙𐬀(-𐬗𐬀) (aošta(-ca), “upper lip”), 𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (aoštra, “two lips”), Proto-Slavic *ūstà (“lip, mouth”). See also आस् (ā́s, “mouth”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́wʂ.ʈʰɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /oːʂ.ʈʰɐ/

Noun

ओष्ठ • (óṣṭha) stem, m

1. lip (generally in dual)
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.39.6:

     ओष्ठाविव मध्वास्ने वदन्ता स्तनाविव पिप्यतं जीवसे नः।
     नासेव नस्तन्वो रक्षितारा कर्णाविव सुश्रुता भूतमस्मे॥

     oṣṭhāviva madhvāsne vadantā stanāviva pipyataṃ jīvase naḥ.
     nāseva nastanvo rakṣitārā karṇāviva suśrutā bhūtamasme.

     Even as two lips that with the mouth speak honey, even as two breasts that nourish our existence,
     Like the two nostrils that protect our being, be to us as our ears that hear distinctly.

2. the forepart of an Agnikuṇḍa

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ओष्ठ

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ओष्ठः (óṣṭhaḥ)	ओष्ठौ (óṣṭhau) ओष्ठा¹ (óṣṭhā¹)	ओष्ठाः (óṣṭhāḥ) ओष्ठासः¹ (óṣṭhāsaḥ¹)
accusative	ओष्ठम् (óṣṭham)	ओष्ठौ (óṣṭhau) ओष्ठा¹ (óṣṭhā¹)	ओष्ठान् (óṣṭhān)
instrumental	ओष्ठेन (óṣṭhena)	ओष्ठाभ्याम् (óṣṭhābhyām)	ओष्ठैः (óṣṭhaiḥ) ओष्ठेभिः¹ (óṣṭhebhiḥ¹)
dative	ओष्ठाय (óṣṭhāya)	ओष्ठाभ्याम् (óṣṭhābhyām)	ओष्ठेभ्यः (óṣṭhebhyaḥ)
ablative	ओष्ठात् (óṣṭhāt)	ओष्ठाभ्याम् (óṣṭhābhyām)	ओष्ठेभ्यः (óṣṭhebhyaḥ)
genitive	ओष्ठस्य (óṣṭhasya)	ओष्ठयोः (óṣṭhayoḥ)	ओष्ठानाम् (óṣṭhānām)
locative	ओष्ठे (óṣṭhe)	ओष्ठयोः (óṣṭhayoḥ)	ओष्ठेषु (óṣṭheṣu)
vocative	ओष्ठ (óṣṭha)	ओष्ठौ (óṣṭhau) ओष्ठा¹ (óṣṭhā¹)	ओष्ठाः (óṣṭhāḥ) ओष्ठासः¹ (óṣṭhāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• ओष्ठ्य (oṣṭhya)
• अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha)

Descendants

Descendants with initial h- are attributed to influence from अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha, “lower lip”) or a compound of similar nature prefixed by अधम (adhama, “lower”) (which may also explain nasalization). For Prakrit 𑀳𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (hŏṭṭha), 𑀳𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (huṭṭha), K. R. Norman suggested an early contraction of अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha) to *𑀅𑀥𑀑𑀱𑁆𑀞 (*adhaoṣṭha).

Descendants

• Pali: oṭṭha
• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: वुठ (wuṭh)
• Prakrit: 𑀑𑀝𑁆𑀞 (ŏṭṭha), 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uṭṭha), 𑀳𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (hŏṭṭha), 𑀳𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (huṭṭha)
  • Helu Prakrit:
    • Sinhalese: ඔට (oṭa)
  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Nepali: ओठ् (oṭh)
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Assamese: ওঁঠ (ü̃th)
    • Odia: ଓଠ (oṭha)
  • Maharastri Prakrit:
    • Konkani: वोंट (voṇṭa)
    • Marathi: ओठ (oṭh), ओंठ (oṇṭha)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Punjabi: ਹੋਠ (hoṭh), Punjabi: ਹੋਂਠ (hoṇṭh)
  • Pali: oṭṭha
  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Domari: ōšt
    • Gujarati: હોઠ (hoṭh)
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: होंठ (hõṭh)

      Urdu: ہونٹ (honṭ)

    • Romani: uśt, vusht (Anglicized), vuśt (International Standard), vušt (Pan-Vlax)

Noun

Coccinia grandis in fruit

ओष्ठ • (oṣṭha) stem, f

1. (botany) Coccinia grandis (to whose red fruits lips are commonly compared)