खोर

Hindi

Etymology

From Prakrit *khōra- (“cavity, hollow”), of unknown further origin.

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /kʰoːɾ/

Noun

खोर • (khor) f

1. a hollowed-out place, a cavern, a (sunken) lane or alley

Declension

Declension of खोर (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	खोर khor	खोरें khorẽ
oblique	खोर khor	खोरों khorõ
vocative	खोर khor	खोरो khoro

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “खोर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*khōla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Dravidian or Munda, due to wide phonetic variation in the word's relatives; compare Kota (India) குண்ட் (kuṇṭ, “to limp, be lame”). Alternative theories that attempt to link the word to terms in other Indo-European branches, such as to Polish kulawy (“lame, limping”) and Latin claudus (“limping, halting”) are to be rejected due to the word's relatives suggesting that the original form contained a retroflex consonant.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kʰɐw.ɾɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰoː.ɾɐ/
• Hyphenation: खो‧र

Adjective

खोर • (khora) stem

1. limping, lame

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of खोर
Nom. sg.	खोरः (khoraḥ)
Gen. sg.	खोरस्य (khorasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	खोरः (khoraḥ)	खोरौ (khorau)	खोराः (khorāḥ)
Vocative	खोर (khora)	खोरौ (khorau)	खोराः (khorāḥ)
Accusative	खोरम् (khoram)	खोरौ (khorau)	खोरान् (khorān)
Instrumental	खोरेन (khorena)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरैः (khoraiḥ)
Dative	खोराय (khorāya)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
Ablative	खोरात् (khorāt)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
Genitive	खोरस्य (khorasya)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरानाम् (khorānām)
Locative	खोरे (khore)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरेषु (khoreṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of खोर
Nom. sg.	खोरा (khorā)
Gen. sg.	खोरायाः (khorāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	खोरा (khorā)	खोरे (khore)	खोराः (khorāḥ)
Vocative	खोरे (khore)	खोरे (khore)	खोराः (khorāḥ)
Accusative	खोराम् (khorām)	खोरे (khore)	खोराः (khorāḥ)
Instrumental	खोरया (khorayā)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोराभिः (khorābhiḥ)
Dative	खोरायै (khorāyai)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोराभ्यः (khorābhyaḥ)
Ablative	खोरायाः (khorāyāḥ)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोराभ्यः (khorābhyaḥ)
Genitive	खोरायाः (khorāyāḥ)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरानाम् (khorānām)
Locative	खोरायाम् (khorāyām)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरासु (khorāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of खोर
Nom. sg.	खोरम् (khoram)
Gen. sg.	खोरस्य (khorasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	खोरम् (khoram)	खोरे (khore)	खोरानि (khorāni)
Vocative	खोर (khora)	खोरे (khore)	खोरानि (khorāni)
Accusative	खोरम् (khoram)	खोरे (khore)	खोरानि (khorāni)
Instrumental	खोरेन (khorena)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरैः (khoraiḥ)
Dative	खोराय (khorāya)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
Ablative	खोरात् (khorāt)	खोराभ्याम् (khorābhyām)	खोरेभ्यः (khorebhyaḥ)
Genitive	खोरस्य (khorasya)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरानाम् (khorānām)
Locative	खोरे (khore)	खोरयोः (khorayoḥ)	खोरेषु (khoreṣu)

Descendants

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Dameli: khúṭa
  • Gawar-Bati: کھُٹَ (khuṭa)
  • Kalasha: khū́ṭa
  • Kashmiri: کھۆٹھ (khoṭh)
  • Khowar: کھٹ (khuṭu)
  • Pashayi:
    • Northeast Pashayi: xuṭo
      • → Parachi: kuṭṭȫ
    • Northwest Pashayi: kuṭá
  • Phalura: کھٹ (khuṭu)
  • Shina: کھُڑُ (khŭṛŭ), کھُوڑُ (khūṛŭ), کھُڑو (khuṛo)
  • Shumashti: xuṭa
  • → Proto-Nuristani:
    • Ashkun: kuṭä
    • Kamkata-viri: kuṭë́
    • Waigali: kuṭə
• Prakrit: 𑀔𑁄𑀟 (khoḍa)
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Hindustani: khõṛā
        • Hindi: खोँड़ा
        • Urdu: کھوںڑَا (khõṛā)
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • ⇒ Assamese: খোৰাইব (khüraibo)
      • Bengali: খোঁড়া (khō̃ṛa), খুঁড়ি (khũṛi)
        • ⇒ Bengali: খুঁড়ান (khũṛan)
      • Odia: ଖୋଡ଼ (khoṛô)
  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Nepali: खोरन्डो (khoranḍo)
        • ⇒ Nepali: खुन्याबा (khunyābā)
  • Northwestern:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Punjabi: khoṇḍa

        Gurmukhi script: ਖੋਂਡਾ

        Shahmukhi script: کھوݨڈَ

  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ކޮރު (koru)
      • Sinhalese: කොර (kora), කෙර (kera)
    • Maharastri Prakrit:
      • Marathi: खोड (khoḍ), खोडा (khoḍā), खुळा (khuḷā)
  • Western:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Gujarati: ખોડું (khoḍũ)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “खोर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 341/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 456
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 312
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “khora”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 209