गूढ

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• गूळ्ह (gūḷhá) — Vedic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gʰuẓḍʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰuždʰás, from *gʰawȷ́ʰ- (“to hide, conceal”). See गूहति (gū́hati) for cognates.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡuː.ɖʱɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡuː.ɖʱɐ/

Adjective

गूढ • (gūḍhá) stem

1. covered, hidden, concealed
2. secret, private
3. disguised

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गूढ (gūḍhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गूढः gūḍháḥ	गूढौ / गूढा¹ gūḍhaú / gūḍhā́¹	गूढाः / गूढासः¹ gūḍhā́ḥ / gūḍhā́saḥ¹
Vocative	गूढ gū́ḍha	गूढौ / गूढा¹ gū́ḍhau / gū́ḍhā¹	गूढाः / गूढासः¹ gū́ḍhāḥ / gū́ḍhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गूढम् gūḍhám	गूढौ / गूढा¹ gūḍhaú / gūḍhā́¹	गूढान् gūḍhā́n
Instrumental	गूढेन gūḍhéna	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढैः / गूढेभिः¹ gūḍhaíḥ / gūḍhébhiḥ¹
Dative	गूढाय gūḍhā́ya	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढेभ्यः gūḍhébhyaḥ
Ablative	गूढात् gūḍhā́t	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढेभ्यः gūḍhébhyaḥ
Genitive	गूढस्य gūḍhásya	गूढयोः gūḍháyoḥ	गूढानाम् gūḍhā́nām
Locative	गूढे gūḍhé	गूढयोः gūḍháyoḥ	गूढेषु gūḍhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of गूढा (gūḍhā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गूढा gūḍhā́	गूढे gūḍhé	गूढाः gūḍhā́ḥ
Vocative	गूढे gū́ḍhe	गूढे gū́ḍhe	गूढाः gū́ḍhāḥ
Accusative	गूढाम् gūḍhā́m	गूढे gūḍhé	गूढाः gūḍhā́ḥ
Instrumental	गूढया / गूढा¹ gūḍháyā / gūḍhā́¹	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढाभिः gūḍhā́bhiḥ
Dative	गूढायै gūḍhā́yai	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढाभ्यः gūḍhā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	गूढायाः / गूढायै² gūḍhā́yāḥ / gūḍhā́yai²	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढाभ्यः gūḍhā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	गूढायाः / गूढायै² gūḍhā́yāḥ / gūḍhā́yai²	गूढयोः gūḍháyoḥ	गूढानाम् gūḍhā́nām
Locative	गूढायाम् gūḍhā́yām	गूढयोः gūḍháyoḥ	गूढासु gūḍhā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of गूढ (gūḍhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गूढम् gūḍhám	गूढे gūḍhé	गूढानि / गूढा¹ gūḍhā́ni / gūḍhā́¹
Vocative	गूढ gū́ḍha	गूढे gū́ḍhe	गूढानि / गूढा¹ gū́ḍhāni / gū́ḍhā¹
Accusative	गूढम् gūḍhám	गूढे gūḍhé	गूढानि / गूढा¹ gūḍhā́ni / gūḍhā́¹
Instrumental	गूढेन gūḍhéna	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढैः / गूढेभिः¹ gūḍhaíḥ / gūḍhébhiḥ¹
Dative	गूढाय gūḍhā́ya	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढेभ्यः gūḍhébhyaḥ
Ablative	गूढात् gūḍhā́t	गूढाभ्याम् gūḍhā́bhyām	गूढेभ्यः gūḍhébhyaḥ
Genitive	गूढस्य gūḍhásya	गूढयोः gūḍháyoḥ	गूढानाम् gūḍhā́nām
Locative	गूढे gūḍhé	गूढयोः gūḍháyoḥ	गूढेषु gūḍhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: gūḷha
• Prakrit: 𑀕𑀽𑀠 (gūḍha)
  • Central:
    • Braj: गूढ़ौ (gūṛhau)
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: गूढ़ा (gūṛhā)

  • Northwestern:
    • Punjabi: gūṛhā

      Gurmukhi script: ਗੂੜ੍ਹਾ

      Shahmukhi script: گُوڑھا

    • Sindhi: g̠ūṛho

      Arabic script: ڳُوڙهو

      Devanagari script: ॻूढ़ो

  • Southern:
    • Marathi: गुळें (guḷẽ), गुढें (guḍhẽ), गूढ (gūḍh)
    • Sinhalese: ගුළු (guḷu)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gūḍha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press