तुम्ही

See also: तुम्हें

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘝𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘹 (tumhe), 𑘝𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘲𑘽 (tumhīṃ), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀨𑁂 (tuphe), from Sanskrit युष्मद् (yuṣmad, 2pl.pers) with analogy to त्वम् (tvam, 2sg.pers). Cognate with Gujarati તમે (tame), Hindi तुम (tum), Punjabi ਤੁਸੀਂ (tusī̃) / تُسیں (tuseṉ), Nepali तिमी (timī), Bengali তুমি (tumi), Assamese তুমি (tumi).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪u.mʱi/, [t̪u.mʱiː]

Pronoun

तुम्ही • (tumhī)

1. you: mid-level formality and grammatically plural second-person singular personal pronoun
2. you all: second-person plural personal pronoun

See also

• आपण (āpaṇ) (highest formality and grammatically plural second-person singular personal pronoun)
• तू (tū) (least formality and grammatically singular second-person singular personal pronoun)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “तुम्ही”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Berntsen, Maxine, Nimbkar, Jai (1982) Marathi Structural Patterns, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 43
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “तुम्ही”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “तुम्ही”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “yuṣmad”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press