તમે
Gujarati
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Gujarati तुम्हे (tumhe), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe), from Sanskrit युष्मान् (yuṣmān, “you”, acc. pl.) adopting the initial sounds of त्वम् (tvám, “you”, nom. sg.).[1][2] Cognate with Hindi तुम (tum), तमे (tame).
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Gujarati) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ə.mɛ/
Pronoun
editતમે • (tame)
See also
editGujarati personal pronouns
1st pn. | 2nd pn. | 3rd pn. (personal & demonstrative) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Singular & Informal |
Plural/ Formal |
Proximal | Distal | ||||||
Inclusive | Exclusive | Informal | Formal | Informal | Formal | ||||||
Singular | Plural† | Singular | Plural† | ||||||||
Nominative | હું (hũ) | આપણે (āpaṇe) | અમે (ame) | તું (tũ) | તમે (tame) | આ (ā) | આઓ (āo) | તે (te), એ (e) | તેઓ (teo) | ||
Ergative | મેં (mẽ) | તેં (tẽ) | આણે (āṇe) | આઓએ (āoe) | આમણે (āmaṇe) | તેણે (teṇe)‡, એણે (eṇe) | તેઓએ (teoe)‡, એઓએ (eoe) | તેમણે (temṇe)‡, એમણે (emaṇe) | |||
Dative | મને (mane) | આપણને (āpaṇne) | અમને (amane) | તને (tane) | તમને (tamne) | આને (āne) | આઓને (āone) | આમને (āmane) | તેને (tene)‡, એને (ene) | તેઓને (teone)‡, એઓને (eone) | તેમને (temne)‡, એમને (emane) |
Genitive | મારું (mārũ) | આપણું (āpaṇũ) | અમારું (amārũ) | તારું (tārũ) | તમારું (tamārũ) | આનું (ānũ) | આઓનું (āonũ) | આમનું (āmanũ) | તેનું (tenũ)‡, એનું (enũ) | તેઓનું (teonũ)‡, એઓનું (eonũ) | તેમનું (temnũ)‡, એમનું (emanũ) |
† Note: The plural forms of the 3rd person are optional and are considered formal. Often, instead, એ બધા (e badhā), or એ લોકો (e loko) is used instead. ‡ Note: These forms are considered more formal.
References
edit- ^ Oberlies, Thomas (2005) A Historical Grammar of Hindi, Grazer Vergleichende Arbeiten, →ISBN, page 20
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “yuṣmad”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Categories:
- Gujarati terms inherited from Old Gujarati
- Gujarati terms derived from Old Gujarati
- Gujarati terms inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Gujarati terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Gujarati terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Gujarati terms derived from Sanskrit
- Gujarati terms with IPA pronunciation
- Gujarati lemmas
- Gujarati pronouns