मूर्धन्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মূৰ্ধন্ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬹᬃᬥᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
• মূর্ধন্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰳𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀥𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• မူရ်္ဓန် (Burmese script)
• મૂર્ધન્ (Gujarati script)
• ਮੂਰੑਧਨੑ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑍂𑌰𑍍𑌧𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦹꦂꦣꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂴𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಮೂರ್ಧೝ (Kannada script)
• មូធ៌ន៑ (Khmer script)
• ມູຣ຺ຘນ຺ (Lao script)
• മൂര്ധന് (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᡠᡠᡵᢡᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘴𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧕𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐢𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
• ମୂର୍ଧନ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢹꢬ꣄ꢤꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆷𑆫𑇀𑆣𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖳𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
• මූර්‍ධන් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩒𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩮𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚱𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
• மூர்த⁴ந் (Tamil script)
• మూర్ధౝ (Telugu script)
• มูรฺธนฺ (Thai script)
• མཱུ་རྡྷ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒡𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mr̥Hdʰā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥Hdʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ. Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (ka-mər^əδa, “head”), Old English molda, Tocharian A malto (“firstly”), and perhaps Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “high (of trees)”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /muːɾ.dʱɐ́n/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmuːɾ.d̪ʱɐn̪/

Noun

मूर्धन् • (mūrdhán) stem, m

1. the forehead, skull, head
2. (figurative) the top of something, apex, summit; beginning, first
3. (geometry) the base
4. (linguistics) the roof/top of the palate
5. (Buddhism) a state of exaltation

Declension

Masculine an-stem declension of मूर्धन् (mūrdhán)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मूर्धा mūrdhā́	मूर्धानौ / मूर्धाना¹ mūrdhā́nau / mūrdhā́nā¹	मूर्धानः mūrdhā́naḥ
Vocative	मूर्धन् mū́rdhan	मूर्धानौ / मूर्धाना¹ mū́rdhānau / mū́rdhānā¹	मूर्धानः mū́rdhānaḥ
Accusative	मूर्धानम् mūrdhā́nam	मूर्धानौ / मूर्धाना¹ mūrdhā́nau / mūrdhā́nā¹	मूर्ध्नः mūrdhnáḥ
Instrumental	मूर्ध्ना mūrdhnā́	मूर्धभ्याम् mūrdhábhyām	मूर्धभिः mūrdhábhiḥ
Dative	मूर्ध्ने mūrdhné	मूर्धभ्याम् mūrdhábhyām	मूर्धभ्यः mūrdhábhyaḥ
Ablative	मूर्ध्नः mūrdhnáḥ	मूर्धभ्याम् mūrdhábhyām	मूर्धभ्यः mūrdhábhyaḥ
Genitive	मूर्ध्नः mūrdhnáḥ	मूर्ध्नोः mūrdhnóḥ	मूर्ध्नाम् mūrdhnā́m
Locative	मूर्ध्नि / मूर्धनि / मूर्धन्¹ mūrdhní / mūrdháni / mūrdhán¹	मूर्ध्नोः mūrdhnóḥ	मूर्धसु mūrdhásu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• मूर्धन्य (mūrdhanya, “retroflex”)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Chilisso: [script needed] (mudə)
  • Grangali: [script needed] (mūndə, “neck”)
  • Kalasha: mọn
  • Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (muda, “upwards”)
  • Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (mundā)
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: මුදුන (muduna)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)
  • Assamese: মূধ (mudh, “ridge of the roof”)
  • Old Bengali: মোঢ (moḍha)
    • Middle Bengali: মোঢ় (mōṛh)
      • Bengali: মোড় (mōṛ, “roadhead”)
  • Bihari: मूढ (mūṛh, “root of sugarcane”)
    • Maithili: मुड (mūṛ)
  • Odia: ମୁଣ୍ଡ (muṇḍô)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)
  • Marathi: मुंढी (muṇḍhī)
• Pali: muddhan
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)
  • Garhwali: मुंड (muṇḍ)
  • Gujarati: મંડી (maṇḍī)
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: मुढ (muḍh)

  • Kumaoni: मुंड (muṇḍ)
  • Nepali: मुंड (muṇḍa)
  • Punjabi: ਮੁੱਢ (muḍḍha), ਮੁੰਢ (muṇḍh)
  • Sindhi: मुण्ढु (muṇḍhu), मुण्ढी f (muṇḍhī)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “मूर्धन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 826/1.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “mūrdhán”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 368
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 666