सखि

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সখি (Assamese script)
ᬲᬔᬶ (Balinese script)
সখি (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰏𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀔𑀺 (Brahmi script)
သခိ (Burmese script)
સખિ (Gujarati script)
ਸਖਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌖𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦑꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂎𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಸಖಿ (Kannada script)
សខិ (Khmer script)
ສຂິ (Lao script)
സഖി (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠠᡘᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘏𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠰᠠᠻᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑦯𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐏𑐶 (Newa script)
ସଖି (Odia script)
ꢱꢓꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆒𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖏𑖰 (Siddham script)
සඛි (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑩝𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚋𑚮 (Takri script)
ஸகி² (Tamil script)
సఖి (Telugu script)
สขิ (Thai script)
ས་ཁི (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒐𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨌𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sákʰā, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷH- (“friend, companion”), from *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬑𐬌 (haxi, “friend”), Latin socius (“partner, companion”), Proto-Germanic *sagjaz (“warrior, retainer”), Old English secg (“man, warrior, hero”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́.kʰi/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɐ.kʰi/

Noun

सखि • (sákhi) stem, m (feminine सखी)

a friend, companion
Synonyms: मित्र (mitra), हित (hita)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.26.8:
  वयं ते अस्यामिन्द्र द्युम्नहूतौ सखायः स्याम महिन प्रेष्ठाः ।
  vayaṃ te asyāmindra dyumnahūtau sakhāyaḥ syāma mahina preṣṭhāḥ.
  O Indra, at this holy invocation, may we be thy friends and thy most beloved.
assistant
the husband of the wife's sister, brother-in-law

Usage notes

This noun has for the five strong cases a peculiarly strengthened base (vrddhied), namely sákhāy, which in the nominative singular is reduced to sákhā (without ending), and in the other cases takes the normal endings; this declensional paradigm is considered to most faithfully preserve the original declension of PIE *oi-stems. The instrumental and dative singular have the normal endings simply, without inserted n or guṇa; the ablative-genitive singular adds -us; and the locative singular adds -au: the rest exhibits normal endings of the paradigm.

Declension

Masculine i-stem declension of सखि (sákhi)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सखा sákhā	सखायौ sákhāyau	सखायः sákhāyaḥ
Vocative	सखे sákhe	सखायौ sákhāyau	सखायः sákhāyaḥ
Accusative	सखायम् sákhāyam	सखायौ sákhāyau	सखीन् sákhīn
Instrumental	सख्या sákhyā	सखिभ्याम् sákhibhyām	सखिभिः sákhibhiḥ
Dative	सख्ये sákhye	सखिभ्याम् sákhibhyām	सखिभ्यः sákhibhyaḥ
Ablative	सख्युः sákhyuḥ	सखिभ्याम् sákhibhyām	सखिभ्यः sákhibhyaḥ
Genitive	सख्युः sákhyuḥ	सख्योः sákhyoḥ	सखीनाम् sákhīnām
Locative	सख्यौ sákhyau	सख्योः sákhyoḥ	सखिषु sákhiṣu

References

Monier Williams (1899) “सखि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1130.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 684-685