हकार

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɦʌkäɾʌ]
• Phonetic Devanagari: h्aक्āर्a

Verb

हकार • (hakāra)

1. second-person mid respect singular imperative of हकार्नु (hakārnu)

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• hakāra (Latin script)
• 𑀳𑀓𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• হকার (Bengali script)
• හකාර (Sinhalese script)
• ဟကာရ or ႁၵႃရ (Burmese script)
• หการ or หะการะ (Thai script)
• ᩉᨠᩣᩁ (Tai Tham script)
• ຫກາຣ or ຫະກາຣະ (Lao script)
• ហការ (Khmer script)
• 𑄦𑄇𑄂𑄢 (Chakma script)

Noun

हकार m

1. Devanagari script form of hakāra (“the letter 'h'”)
   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[1], page 12; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     चसहग्गहणेन धकारस्स हकारादेसो होति;

     Casahaggahaṇena dhakārassa hakārādeso hoti;

     By taking it together with 'ca', one gets a change of 'dh' to 'h';

Declension

Declension table of "हकार" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	हकारो (hakāro)	हकारा (hakārā)
Accusative (second)	हकारं (hakāraṃ)	हकारे (hakāre)
Instrumental (third)	हकारेन (hakārena)	हकारेहि (hakārehi) or हकारेभि (hakārebhi)
Dative (fourth)	हकारस्स (hakārassa) or हकाराय (hakārāya) or हकारत्थं (hakāratthaṃ)	हकारानं (hakārānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	हकारस्मा (hakārasmā) or हकारम्हा (hakāramhā) or हकारा (hakārā)	हकारेहि (hakārehi) or हकारेभि (hakārebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	हकारस्स (hakārassa)	हकारानं (hakārānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	हकारस्मिं (hakārasmiṃ) or हकारम्हि (hakāramhi) or हकारे (hakāre)	हकारेसु (hakāresu)
Vocative (calling)	हकार (hakāra)	हकारा (hakārā)

Sanskrit

Etymology

ह (ha, the letter) +‎ कार (kāra, term designating a letter or sound).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɦɐˈkɑː.ɾɐ/

Noun

हकार • (hakāra) stem, m

1. The name of the Devanagari letter ह (ha).
2. the sound of the ह letter, /ɦɐ/

Inflection

Masculine a-stem declension of हकार
Nom. sg.	हकारः (hakāraḥ)
Gen. sg.	हकारस्य (hakārasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हकारः (hakāraḥ)	हकारौ (hakārau)	हकाराः (hakārāḥ)
Vocative	हकार (hakāra)	हकारौ (hakārau)	हकाराः (hakārāḥ)
Accusative	हकारम् (hakāram)	हकारौ (hakārau)	हकारान् (hakārān)
Instrumental	हकारेन (hakārena)	हकाराभ्याम् (hakārābhyām)	हकारैः (hakāraiḥ)
Dative	हकाराय (hakārāya)	हकाराभ्याम् (hakārābhyām)	हकारेभ्यः (hakārebhyaḥ)
Ablative	हकारात् (hakārāt)	हकाराभ्याम् (hakārābhyām)	हकारेभ्यः (hakārebhyaḥ)
Genitive	हकारस्य (hakārasya)	हकारयोः (hakārayoḥ)	हकारानाम् (hakārānām)
Locative	हकारे (hakāre)	हकारयोः (hakārayoḥ)	हकारेषु (hakāreṣu)

Hypernyms

• कण्ठ्य (kaṇṭhya, “guttural”)
• घोष (ghoṣa, “voiced”)
• महाप्राण (mahāprāṇa, “aspirated”)

Coordinate terms

guttural letters and sounds

• ककार (kakāra)
• खकार (khakāra)
• गकार (gakāra)
• घकार (ghakāra)
• ङकार (ṅakāra)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “हकार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1286.