ṯwn

See also: twn, TWN, and .twn

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃuːn/
  • Conventional anglicization: tjun

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to gore with the horns
2. (transitive) to stick or thrust (something) (+ m: into)

Inflection

Conjugation of ṯwn (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ṯwn, geminated stem: ṯwnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ṯwn	ṯwnw, ṯwn	ṯwnt	ṯwn	ṯwn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ṯwn	ḥr ṯwn	m ṯwn	r ṯwn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ṯwn.n	ṯwnw, ṯwn	consecutive	ṯwn.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ṯwnt
perfective3	ṯwn	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ṯwn.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ṯwn	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ṯwn	ṯwnn	potentialis1	ṯwn.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ṯwn	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ṯwn.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ṯwn	active + .tj1, .tw2	ṯwn	ṯwn, ṯwnw5, ṯwny5
imperfective	ṯwn, ṯwny, ṯwnw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ṯwn, ṯwnj6, ṯwny6	ṯwn, ṯwnw5
prospective	ṯwn, ṯwntj7	—	ṯwntj4, ṯwnt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ṯwn  

ṯwn	twn	twn

Derived terms

• mṯwn

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 359.11–359.12
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 304