ἀνταγωνίζομαι
See also: ανταγωνίζομαι
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFrom ἀντι- (anti-, “against”) + ἀγωνίζομαι (agōnízomai, “contend for a prize”).
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɡɔː.níz.do.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɡoˈni.zo.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɣoˈni.zo.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɣoˈni.zo.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /an.da.ɣoˈni.zo.me/
Verb
editἀντᾰγωνίζομαι • (antagōnízomai)
- to struggle against, prove a match for [with dative]
- to struggle or dispute with [with dative]
- to strive [with πρός (prós, + accusative) ‘against’]
Conjugation
edit Present: ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζῃ, ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζει |
ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζωμαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζῃ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζηται | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζησθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζησθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζώμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζησθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζωνται | |||||
optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐζοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐζοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοιντο | |||||
imperative | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζου | ἀντᾰγωνῐζέσθω | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζέσθων | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐζέσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἀντᾰγωνῐζόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ἀντᾰγωνῐζομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἀντᾰγωνῐζόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ἀντηγωνῐζόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντηγωνῐζόμην | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζου | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζετο | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντηγωνῐζέσθην | ἀντηγωνῐζόμεθᾰ | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ἀντᾰγωνῐέομαι, ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐέομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐέῃ, ἀντᾰγωνῐέει |
ἀντᾰγωνῐέεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐεόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐέονται | ||||
optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐεοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐεοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐεοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσῃ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσονται | ||||
optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιντο | |||||
middle | passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἀντᾰγωνῐεόμενος | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἀντᾰγωνῐεομένη | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἀντᾰγωνῐεόμενον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῦμαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐῇ | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖται | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐούμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῦνται | ||||
optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖο | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσῃ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσονται | ||||
optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιντο | |||||
middle | passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἀντᾰγωνῐούμενος | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἀντᾰγωνῐουμένη | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἀντᾰγωνῐούμενον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Aorist: ἀντηγωνῐσᾰ́μην, ἀντηγωνῐ́σθην
Perfect: ἀντηγώνῐσμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντηγώνῐσμαι | ἀντηγώνῐσαι | ἀντηγώνῐσται | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ | ἀντηγώνῐσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́δᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος ὦ | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος ᾖς | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος ᾖ | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω ἦτον | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω ἦτον | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι ὦμεν | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι ἦτε | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος εἴην | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος εἴης | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος εἴη | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | ἀντηγώνῐσο | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθω | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθων | ἀντηγώνῐσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος | |||||||||||
f | ἀντηγωνῐσμένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἀντηγωνῐσμένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Pluperfect: ἀντηγωνῐ́σμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντηγωνῐ́σμην | ἀντηγώνῐσο | ἀντηγώνῐστο | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθην | ἀντηγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ | ἀντηγώνῐσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́δᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Quotations
edit- New Testament, Epistle to the Hebrews 12:4:
- οὔπω μέχρις αἵματος ἀντικατέστητε πρὸς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἀνταγωνιζόμενοι·
- oúpō mékhris haímatos antikatéstēte pròs tḕn hamartían antagōnizómenoi;
- Translation by KJV
- Ye have not yet resisted unto blood, striving against sin.
- οὔπω μέχρις αἵματος ἀντικατέστητε πρὸς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἀνταγωνιζόμενοι·
Derived terms
edit- ἀνταγωνιστέω (antagōnistéō)
- ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs)
- ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs)
- ἀνταγώνιστος (antagṓnistos)
Descendants
editDescendants of ἀνταγωνίζομαι
- Greek: ανταγωνίζομαι (antagonízomai)
- → English: antagonize
- → French: antagoniser
- → German: antagonisieren
- → Polish: antagonizować
- → Portuguese: antagonizar
- → Spanish: antagonizar
Further reading
edit- ἀνταγωνίζομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀνταγωνίζομαι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἀνταγωνίζομαι”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “ἀνταγωνίζομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- G464 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- combat idem, page 144.
- contend idem, page 167.
- fight idem, page 318.
- pit idem, page 614.
- vie (with) idem, page 951.