ἄλειαρ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἄλεαρ n (álear) (Homeric)

Etymology

Related ἀλέω (aléō, “to grind”), with the alternative form ἄλεαρ (álear) from earlier ἄλεϝαρ (álewar) showing the connection to Proto-Indo-European *h₂leh₁wr̥, whence also Old Armenian ալիւր (aliwr, “flour”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.leː.ar/ → /ˈa.li.ar/ → /ˈa.li.ar/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.leː.ar/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.ar/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.ar/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.ar/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.ar/

Noun

ἄλειαρ • (áleiar) n (genitive ἀλείατος); third declension (chiefly in the plural)

1. wheat-groats, coarse wheaten flour, wheatmeal

   Synonym: ἄλευρον (áleuron)

   • c. 8th century BCE, Homer, “Rhapsody υ”, in Odyssey, 107-8:

     δώδεκα πᾶσαι ἐπεῤῥώοντο γυναῖκες ἄλφιτα τεύχουσαι καὶ ἀλείατα, μυελὸν ἀνδρῶν

     dṓdeka pâsai eperrhṓonto gunaîkes álphita teúkhousai kaì aleíata, muelòn andrôn

     twelve maidens, day by day, toiled grinding barleymeal and wheatmeal, the marrow of man

Usage notes

Particularly differentiated from ἄλφιτα (álphita, “barley flour, barleymeal”) (see Odyssey quote).

Declension

Third declension of τὸ ἄλειᾰρ; τοῦ ἀλείᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ἄλειᾰρ tò áleiar	τὼ ἀλείᾰτε tṑ aleíate	τᾰ̀ ἀλείᾰτᾰ tà aleíata
Genitive	τοῦ ἀλείᾰτος toû aleíatos	τοῖν ἀλειᾰ́τοιν toîn aleiátoin	τῶν ἀλειᾰ́των tôn aleiátōn
Dative	τῷ ἀλείᾰτῐ tôi aleíati	τοῖν ἀλειᾰ́τοιν toîn aleiátoin	τοῖς ἀλείᾰσῐ / ἀλείᾰσῐν toîs aleíasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ ἄλειᾰρ tò áleiar	τὼ ἀλείᾰτε tṑ aleíate	τᾰ̀ ἀλείᾰτᾰ tà aleíata
Vocative	ἄλειᾰρ áleiar	ἀλείᾰτε aleíate	ἀλείᾰτᾰ aleíata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• ἄλειαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette