ἄλευρον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂leh₁wr̥. Cognate with Old Armenian ալեւր (alewr).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.leu̯.ron/ → /ˈa.le.βron/ → /ˈa.le.vron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.leu̯.ron/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.lew.ron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.le.βron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.le.vron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.le.vron/

Noun

ἄλευρον • (áleuron) n (genitive ἀλεύρου); second declension (chiefly in the plural)

1. wheat flour, wheatmeal
   • 430 BCE, Herodotus, “Book VII, Polyymnia”, in Histories, section 119:

     Οἱ ἀστοὶ ἄλευρά τε καὶ ἄλφιτα ἐποίευν πάντες ἐπὶ μῆνας συχνούς.

     Hoi astoì áleurá te kaì álphita epoíeun pántes epì mênas sukhnoús.

     The citizens continued to make wheatmeal and barleymeal for many months.

   Synonym: ἀλείατα (aleíata), ἀλέατα (aléata) (Homeric)

2. meal

Usage notes

Particularly differentiated from ἄλφιτα (álphita, “barley flour, barleymeal”) (see Herodotus quote).

Declension

Second declension of τὸ ᾰ̓́λευρον; τοῦ ᾰ̓λεύρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ᾰ̓́λευρον tò áleuron	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λευρᾰ tà áleura
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓λεύρου toû aleúrou	τῶν ᾰ̓λεύρων tôn aleúrōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓λεύρῳ tôi aleúrōi	τοῖς ᾰ̓λεύροις toîs aleúrois
Accusative	τὸ ᾰ̓́λευρον tò áleuron	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́λευρᾰ tà áleura
Vocative	ᾰ̓́λευρον áleuron	ᾰ̓́λευρᾰ áleura
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀλεύρινος (aleúrinos)
• ἀλευρώδης (aleurṓdēs)

 

Descendants

• → English: aleurone
• → French: aleurone
• Greek: άλευρο (álevro), αλεύρι (alévri)
• → Italian: aleurone

Further reading

• “ἄλευρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἄλευρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἄλευρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄλευρον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G224 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible