ἄροτρον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *árotron, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥h₃trom, from *h₂erh₃- +‎ *-trom; equivalent to ἀρόω (aróō, “to plough”) +‎ -τρον (-tron, instrument noun suffix). Cognates include Latin arātrum, Old Armenian արաւր (arawr) and Old Norse arðr (→ modern English ard).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.ro.tron/ → /ˈa.ro.tron/ → /ˈa.ro.tron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.ro.tron/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ro.tron/

Noun

ᾰ̓́ροτρον • (árotron) n (genitive ᾰ̓ρότρου); second declension

1. plough
   1. (figuratively, in the plural) the organs of generation

Declension

Second declension of τὸ ἄροτρον; τοῦ ἀρότρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ἄροτρον tò árotron	τὼ ἀρότρω tṑ arótrō	τᾰ̀ ἄροτρᾰ tà árotra
Genitive	τοῦ ἀρότρου toû arótrou	τοῖν ἀρότροιν toîn arótroin	τῶν ἀρότρων tôn arótrōn
Dative	τῷ ἀρότρῳ tôi arótrōi	τοῖν ἀρότροιν toîn arótroin	τοῖς ἀρότροις toîs arótrois
Accusative	τὸ ἄροτρον tò árotron	τὼ ἀρότρω tṑ arótrō	τᾰ̀ ἄροτρᾰ tà árotra
Vocative	ἄροτρον árotron	ἀρότρω arótrō	ἄροτρᾰ árotra
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• ἀρόω (aróō)

Descendants

• Greek: άροτρο (árotro)

Further reading

• “ἄροτρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἄροτρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἄροτρον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἄροτρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄροτρον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἄροτρον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἄροτρον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G723 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • plough idem, page 621.