ἅρμα

See also: άρμα and Ἅρμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂érmn̥, from *h₂er- (“to fit together, join”), the same source as ἁρμός (harmós, “join”) and ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “join, fit together”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hár.ma/ → /ˈar.ma/ → /ˈar.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hár.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)ar.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈar.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈar.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈar.ma/

Noun

ᾰ̔́ρμᾰ • (hárma) n (genitive ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτος); third declension

1. chariot
   • Josephus, Jewish Antiquities, 9, 54, in Ralph Marcus (tr. & ed.), Josephus with an English translation, vol. 6 (Jewish Antiquities, books IX–XI), LCL, pages 30-31. Translation by Marcus, comment in square brackets not his.

     Πέμπει τοιγαροῦν Ἄδαδος ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν δύναμιν πολλὴν ἵππων καὶ ἁρμάτων, ὅπως τὸν Ἐλισσαῖον λάβωσιν.

     Pémpei toigaroûn Ádados epì tḕn pólin dúnamin pollḕn híppōn kaì harmátōn, hópōs tòn Elissaîon lábōsin.

     Accordingly, Adados [Ben-Hadad] sent to that city a great force with horses and chariots in order to take Elisha.

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰ; τοῦ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰ tò hárma	τὼ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτε tṑ hármate	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτᾰ tà hármata
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτος toû hármatos	τοῖν ᾰ̔ρμᾰ́τοιν toîn harmátoin	τῶν ᾰ̔ρμᾰ́των tôn harmátōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτῐ tôi hármati	τοῖν ᾰ̔ρμᾰ́τοιν toîn harmátoin	τοῖς ᾰ̔́ρμᾰσῐ / ᾰ̔́ρμᾰσῐν toîs hármasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰ tò hárma	τὼ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτε tṑ hármate	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτᾰ tà hármata
Vocative	ᾰ̔́ρμᾰ hárma	ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτε hármate	ᾰ̔́ρμᾰτᾰ hármata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἁρμάμαξα (harmámaxa)
• ἁρματοδρομία (harmatodromía)

Related terms

• ἄρθρον (árthron)
• ἁρμός (harmós)

Descendants

• Greek: άρμα (árma)
• Classical Syriac: ܐܪܡܐ (ʔarmā)

Further reading

• “ἅρμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἅρμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἅρμα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἅρμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἅρμα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἅρμα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἅρμα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G716 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • car idem, page 113.
  • carriage idem, page 115.
  • chariot idem, page 126.