ἐγγύη
Ancient Greek edit
Alternative forms edit
- ἐγγῠ́ᾱ (engúā)
Etymology edit
It is usually assumed that this word contains the preposition ἐν- (en-, “in”) + *γύη (*gúē) a lost word for "hand", which is preserved in Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (gauua, “hand”), as well as in ὑπόγυιος (hupóguios, “nigh at end, imminent”). The Avestan form is ambiguous, however, as it can also continue *gabʰa- and be related to Sanskrit गभस्ति (gabhasti, “arm or hand”). This makes the etymology doubtful. Further, Greek has γύαλον (gúalon, “hollow of a cuirass”), γυῖον (guîon, “hand”) and γύης (gúēs, “earth”), and from other languages, we may adduce Lithuanian gáuti (“to get, obtain”), suggesting a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“hand”).
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /eŋ.ɡý.ɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eŋˈɡy.e̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eɲˈɟy.i/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eɲˈɟy.i/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eɲˈɟi.i/
Noun edit
ἐγγῠ́η • (engúē) f (genitive ἐγγῠ́ης); first declension
Inflection edit
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ἐγγῠ́η hē engúē |
τὼ ἐγγῠ́ᾱ tṑ engúā |
αἱ ἐγγῠ́αι hai engúai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ἐγγῠ́ης tês engúēs |
τοῖν ἐγγῠ́αιν toîn engúain |
τῶν ἐγγῠῶν tôn enguôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ἐγγῠ́ῃ têi engúēi |
τοῖν ἐγγῠ́αιν toîn engúain |
ταῖς ἐγγῠ́αις taîs engúais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ἐγγῠ́ην tḕn engúēn |
τὼ ἐγγῠ́ᾱ tṑ engúā |
τᾱ̀ς ἐγγῠ́ᾱς tā̀s engúās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἐγγῠ́η engúē |
ἐγγῠ́ᾱ engúā |
ἐγγῠ́αι engúai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “ἐγγύη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἐγγύη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἐγγύη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἐγγύη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἐγγύη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 369