ἔκδικος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἐκ- (ek-, “outside”) +‎ δῐ́κη (díkē, “justice”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /éɡ.di.kos/ → /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/ → /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /éɡ.di.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.di.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈeɡ.ði.kos/

Adjective

ἔκδῐκος • (ékdikos) m or f (neuter ἐκδῐ́κου); second declension

1. lawless, unjust
   • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 1093
   • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 920
   • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 928:

     εἰ δ’ οἵδ’ ἁμαρτάνουσι, μὴ πλείω κακὰ
     πάθοιεν ἢ καὶ δρῶσιν ἐκδίκως ἐμέ.

     ei d’ hoíd’ hamartánousi, mḕ pleíō kakà
     páthoien ḕ kaì drôsin ekdíkōs emé.

     But if they are wrong, let them suffer no more evils than they have done unjustly to me.

2. avenging; (as substantive) avenger
   • Batrachomyomachia, 97
   • 170 CE – 240 CE, Herodian, 7 4.5
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, 2 509f
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon 12.12
3. (law) public advocate or prosecutor
   • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Fam. 13.56.1
4. (law) legal representative
   • POxy., 261 14
   • Pliny, Ep.Traj. 110

Declension

Second declension of ἔκδῐκος; ἔκδῐκον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἔκδῐκος ékdikos	ἔκδῐκον ékdikon		ἐκδῐ́κω ekdíkō	ἐκδῐ́κω ekdíkō		ἔκδῐκοι ékdikoi	ἔκδῐκᾰ ékdika
Genitive		ἐκδῐ́κου ekdíkou	ἐκδῐ́κου ekdíkou		ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdíkoin	ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdíkoin		ἐκδῐ́κων ekdíkōn	ἐκδῐ́κων ekdíkōn
Dative		ἐκδῐ́κῳ ekdíkōi	ἐκδῐ́κῳ ekdíkōi		ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdíkoin	ἐκδῐ́κοιν ekdíkoin		ἐκδῐ́κοις ekdíkois	ἐκδῐ́κοις ekdíkois
Accusative		ἔκδῐκον ékdikon	ἔκδῐκον ékdikon		ἐκδῐ́κω ekdíkō	ἐκδῐ́κω ekdíkō		ἐκδῐ́κους ekdíkous	ἔκδῐκᾰ ékdika
Vocative		ἔκδῐκε ékdike	ἔκδῐκον ékdikon		ἐκδῐ́κω ekdíkō	ἐκδῐ́κω ekdíkō		ἔκδῐκοι ékdikoi	ἔκδῐκᾰ ékdika
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ἐκδῐ́κως ekdíkōs			ἐκδῐκώτερος ekdikṓteros			ἐκδῐκώτᾰτος ekdikṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (unjust): ἄδῐκος (ádikos)

References

• ἔκδικος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)