Ἔρεβος

See also: ἔρεβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From the common name ἔρεβος, ‘the dark of the underworld’, itself from Proto-Indo-European *h₁régʷos. Cognate with Old Armenian երեկ (erek, “evening”), Sanskrit रजस् (rájas, “dimness, darkness, mist”) and Old Norse røkkr (“twilight”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /é.re.bos/ → /ˈe.re.βos/ → /ˈe.re.vos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /é.re.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe.re.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.re.βos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.re.vos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.re.vos/

Proper noun

Ἔρεβος • (Érebos) n (genitive Ἐρέβους); third declension

1. Erebus.
2. Darkness; the personification of darkness in Greek mythology.

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ Ἔρεβος; τοῦ Ἐρέβους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ Ἔρεβος tò Érebos	τὼ Ἐρέβει tṑ Erébei	τᾰ̀ Ἐρέβη tà Erébē
Genitive	τοῦ Ἐρέβους toû Erébous	τοῖν Ἐρεβοῖν toîn Ereboîn	τῶν Ἐρεβῶν tôn Erebôn
Dative	τῷ Ἐρέβει tôi Erébei	τοῖν Ἐρεβοῖν toîn Ereboîn	τοῖς Ἐρέβεσῐ / Ἐρέβεσῐν toîs Erébesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ Ἔρεβος tò Érebos	τὼ Ἐρέβει tṑ Erébei	τᾰ̀ Ἐρέβη tà Erébē
Vocative	Ἔρεβος Érebos	Ἐρέβει Erébei	Ἐρέβη Erébē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: Έρεβος (Érevos)
• → English: Erebos
• → Latin: Erebus
  • → English: Erebus
  • → French: Érèbe
  • → Spanish: Érebo

Further reading

• “Ἔρεβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Ἔρεβος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,010