ὄρχος
Ancient Greek edit
Etymology edit
Traditionally connected to Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ- (“bind, wind together”) and its descendants, like Lithuanian veržiù (“to fence in, string”), Old Norse virgill (“snare”) and Proto-Germanic *wurgijaną (“to strangle”). However, this is semantically untenable, because the meaning of this word would be "fence, enclosure". The connection with Ὀρχομενός (Orkhomenós) is commonly accepted. As there is no Indo-European etymology, it seems more probable that the word is Pre-Greek.
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ór.kʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈor.kʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈor.xos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈor.xos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈor.xos/
Noun edit
ὄρχος • (órkhos) m (genitive ὄρχου); second declension
- row of vines or fruit trees
Inflection edit
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ὄρχος ho órkhos |
τὼ ὄρχω tṑ órkhō |
οἱ ὄρχοι hoi órkhoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ὄρχου toû órkhou |
τοῖν ὄρχοιν toîn órkhoin |
τῶν ὄρχων tôn órkhōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ὄρχῳ tôi órkhōi |
τοῖν ὄρχοιν toîn órkhoin |
τοῖς ὄρχοις toîs órkhois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ὄρχον tòn órkhon |
τὼ ὄρχω tṑ órkhō |
τοὺς ὄρχους toùs órkhous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ὄρχε órkhe |
ὄρχω órkhō |
ὄρχοι órkhoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms edit
References edit
- “ὄρχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὄρχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ὄρχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN