ὄχος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ὄκχος (ókkhos) — Poetic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *wókʰos, from Proto-Indo-European *wóǵʰos, from *weǵʰ- (“to move, drive”). Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀺𐀏 (wo-ka /⁠wokʰa⁠/, “vehicle”), Sanskrit वाह (vā́ha), Old Church Slavonic возъ (vozŭ). Also see ὀχέω (okhéō, “to carry”) and Arcadocypriot Greek ϝέχω (wékhō, “to carry, bear”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ó.kʰos/ → /ˈo.xos/ → /ˈo.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.xos/

Noun

ὄχος • (ókhos) m (genitive ὄχου); second declension

1. anything which holds, bears
2. carriage, cart, chariot
3. the wheels of a chariot

Usage notes

Homer uses neuter plural forms (ὄχεα (ókhea), ὀχέων (okhéōn), ὄχεσφι (ókhesphi)) (dative plural)), even for a single chariot.

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ὄχος; τοῦ ὄχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ὄχος ho ókhos	τὼ ὄχω tṑ ókhō	οἱ ὄχοι hoi ókhoi
Genitive	τοῦ ὄχου toû ókhou	τοῖν ὄχοιν toîn ókhoin	τῶν ὄχων tôn ókhōn
Dative	τῷ ὄχῳ tôi ókhōi	τοῖν ὄχοιν toîn ókhoin	τοῖς ὄχοις toîs ókhois
Accusative	τὸν ὄχον tòn ókhon	τὼ ὄχω tṑ ókhō	τοὺς ὄχους toùs ókhous
Vocative	ὄχε ókhe	ὄχω ókhō	ὄχοι ókhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• αἰγίοχος (aigíokhos)
• γαιήοχος (gaiḗokhos)

 

Further reading

• “ὄχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὄχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ὄχος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ὄχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “ὄχος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • car idem, page 113.
  • carriage idem, page 115.
  • chariot idem, page 126.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN