つむる

Japanese

Alternative spelling
瞑る

Etymology

From つぶる (tsuburu). Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) つむる [tsùmúrú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [t͡sɨmɯ̟ɾɯ̟]

Verb

つむる • (tsumuru) transitive godan (stem つむり (tsumuri), past つむった (tsumutta))

1. Alternative form of つぶる (tsuburu, “to close one's eyes”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "つむる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	つむら	tsumura
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	つむり	tsumuri
Shūshikei ("terminal")	つむる	tsumuru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	つむる	tsumuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	つむれ	tsumure
Meireikei ("imperative")	つむれ	tsumure
Key constructions
Passive	つむられる	tsumurareru
Causative	つむらせる つむらす	tsumuraseru tsumurasu
Potential	つむれる	tsumureru
Volitional	つむろう	tsumurō
Negative	つむらない	tsumuranai
Negative continuative	つむらず	tsumurazu
Formal	つむります	tsumurimasu
Perfective	つむった	tsumutta
Conjunctive	つむって	tsumutte
Hypothetical conditional	つむれば	tsumureba