고프다

Korean

Alternative forms

• 골프다 (golpeuda) (Early Modern, obsolete)

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 골ᄑᆞ다〮 (Yale: kòlphò-tá), from 곯 (kolh-, “to hunger”) + ᄇᆞ (-po, adjective-deriving suffix).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ko̞pʰɯda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [고프다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gopeuda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gopeuda
McCune–Reischauer?	kop'ŭda
Yale Romanization?	ko.phuta

Adjective

고프다 • (gopeuda) (infinitive 고파, sequential 고프니)

1. (of the stomach, intransitive) to be hungry, empty, starved

   Synonyms: 주리다 (jurida), 곯다 (golta)

   Antonym: 배부르다 (baebureuda)

   배가 고프다

   bae-ga gopeuda

   to be hungry

2. (figurative, intransitive) to thirst for, to desire (desired being is subject)

   사랑이 고프다

   sarang-i gopeuda

   to thirst for love

   사람이 고프다

   saram-i gopeuda

   to thirst for human contact

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 고프다 (gopeuda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	고프다 gopeuda	고파 gopa	고파요 gopayo	고픕니다 gopeumnida
	Past	고팠다 gopatda	고팠어 gopasseo	고팠어요 gopasseoyo	고팠습니다 gopatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	고프냐 gopeunya	고파 gopa	고파요 gopayo	고픕니까 gopeumnikka
	Past	고팠냐 gopannya	고팠어 gopasseo	고팠어요 gopasseoyo	고팠습니까 gopatseumnikka
Assertive		고프겠다 gopeugetda	고프겠어 gopeugesseo	고프겠어요 gopeugesseoyo	고프겠습니다 gopeugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		고파 gopa	고파서 gopaseo	고프니 gopeuni	고프니까 gopeunikka
Contrast		고프지만 gopeujiman	고픈데 gopeunde	고프더니 gopeudeoni
Conjunction		고프고 gopeugo
Condition		고프면 gopeumyeon	고파야 gopaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		고픔 gopeum	고프기 gopeugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		고팠음 gopasseum	고팠기 gopatgi
Determiners	Present		고픈 gopeun
	Future		고플 gopeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	고프시다 gopeusida	고프셔 gopeusyeo	고프세요, 고프셔요 gopeuseyo, gopeusyeoyo	고프십니다 gopeusimnida
	Past	고프셨다 gopeusyeotda	고프셨어 gopeusyeosseo	고프셨어요 gopeusyeosseoyo	고프셨습니다 gopeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	고프시냐 gopeusinya	고프셔 gopeusyeo	고프세요, 고프셔요 gopeuseyo, gopeusyeoyo	고프십니까 gopeusimnikka
	Past	고프셨냐 gopeusyeonnya	고프셨어 gopeusyeosseo	고프셨어요 gopeusyeosseoyo	고프셨습니까 gopeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		고프시겠다 gopeusigetda	고프시겠어 gopeusigesseo	고프시겠어요 gopeusigesseoyo	고프시겠습니다 gopeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		고프셔 gopeusyeo	고프셔서 gopeusyeoseo	고프시니 gopeusini	고프시니까 gopeusinikka
Contrast		고프시지만 gopeusijiman	고프신데 gopeusinde	고프시더니 gopeusideoni
Conjunction		고프시고 gopeusigo
Condition		고프시면 gopeusimyeon	고프셔야 gopeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		고프심 gopeusim	고프시기 gopeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		고프셨음 gopeusyeosseum	고프셨기 gopeusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		고프신 gopeusin
	Future		고프실 gopeusil

Derived terms

• 배고프다 (baegopeuda, “(of stomach) to be hungry, empty”)