열리다
Korean
editEtymology
editFirst attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 열이〮다〮 (Yale: yèlGí-tá).
열 (yeol-, “to open”) + 리 (-ri-, passive suffix) + 다 (-da, suffix conventionally given for citation forms).
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jʌ̹ʎʎida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [열리다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | yeollida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yeollida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | yŏllida |
| Yale Romanization? | yellita |
Verb
edit| Base | 열다 (yeolda) |
|---|---|
| Passive | 열리다 (yeollida) |
열리다 • (yeollida) (infinitive 열려 or 열리어, sequential 열리니)
- (intransitive) to open, to be opened
- Antonym: 닫히다 (dachida)
- (intransitive, of fruits) to ripen
Conjugation
edit Selected forms of the verb 열리다 (yeollida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 열린다 yeollinda |
열려 yeollyeo |
열려요, 열리어요 yeollyeoyo, yeollieoyo |
열립니다 yeollimnida |
| Past | 열렸다 yeollyeotda |
열렸어 yeollyeosseo |
열렸어요 yeollyeosseoyo |
열렸습니다 yeollyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 열리느냐 yeollineunya |
열려 yeollyeo |
열려요, 열리어요 yeollyeoyo, yeollieoyo |
열립니까 yeollimnikka |
| Past | 열렸느냐 yeollyeonneunya |
열렸어 yeollyeosseo |
열렸어요 yeollyeosseoyo |
열렸습니까 yeollyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 열리자 yeollija |
열려 yeollyeo |
열려요, 열리어요 yeollyeoyo, yeollieoyo |
열리십시다 yeollisipsida | |
| Imperative | 열려라, 열리어라 yeollyeora, yeollieora |
열려 yeollyeo |
열려요, 열리어요 yeollyeoyo, yeollieoyo |
열립시오 yeollipsio | |
| Assertive | 열리겠다 yeolligetda |
열리겠어 yeolligesseo |
열리겠어요 yeolligesseoyo |
열리겠습니다 yeolligetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 열려 yeollyeo |
열려서, 열리어서 yeollyeoseo, yeollieoseo |
열리니 yeollini |
열리니까 yeollinikka | |
| Contrast | 열리지만 yeollijiman |
열리는데 yeollineunde |
열리더니 yeollideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 열리고 yeolligo |
||||
| Condition | 열리면 yeollimyeon |
열려야, 열리어야 yeollyeoya, yeollieoya |
|||
| Motive | 열리려고 yeolliryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 열림 yeollim |
열리기 yeolligi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 열렸음, 열리었음 yeollyeosseum, yeollieosseum |
열렸기, 열리었기 yeollyeotgi, yeollieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 열린 yeollin | |||
| Present | 열리는 yeollineun | ||||
| Future | 열릴 yeollil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 열리신다 yeollisinda |
열리셔 yeollisyeo |
열리세요, 열리셔요 yeolliseyo, yeollisyeoyo |
열리십니다 yeollisimnida |
| Past | 열리셨다 yeollisyeotda |
열리셨어 yeollisyeosseo |
열리셨어요 yeollisyeosseoyo |
열리셨습니다 yeollisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 열리시느냐 yeollisineunya |
열리셔 yeollisyeo |
열리세요, 열리셔요 yeolliseyo, yeollisyeoyo |
열리십니까 yeollisimnikka |
| Past | 열리셨느냐 yeollisyeonneunya |
열리셨어 yeollisyeosseo |
열리셨어요 yeollisyeosseoyo |
열리셨습니까 yeollisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 열리시라 yeollisira |
열리셔 yeollisyeo |
열리세요 yeolliseyo |
열리십시오 yeollisipsio | |
| Assertive | 열리시겠다 yeollisigetda |
열리시겠어 yeollisigesseo |
열리시겠어요 yeollisigesseoyo |
열리시겠습니다 yeollisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 열리셔 yeollisyeo |
열리셔서 yeollisyeoseo |
열리시니 yeollisini |
열리시니까 yeollisinikka | |
| Contrast | 열리시지만 yeollisijiman |
열리시는데 yeollisineunde |
열리시더니 yeollisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 열리시고 yeollisigo |
||||
| Condition | 열리시면 yeollisimyeon |
열리셔야 yeollisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 열리시려고 yeollisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 열리심 yeollisim |
열리시기 yeollisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 열리셨음 yeollisyeosseum |
열리셨기 yeollisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 열리신 yeollisin | |||
| Present | 열리시는 yeollisineun | ||||
| Future | 열리실 yeollisil | ||||