작동하다

Korean

Etymology

작동(作動) (jakdong) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠k̚t͈o̞ŋɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [작똥하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jakdonghada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jagdonghada
McCune–Reischauer?	chaktonghada
Yale Romanization?	caktonghata

Verb

작동하다 • (jakdonghada) (infinitive 작동해 or 작동하여, sequential 작동하니)

1. to operate, to function, to run, to be on

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 작동하다 (jakdonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	작동한다 jakdonghanda	작동해 jakdonghae	작동해요 jakdonghaeyo	작동합니다 jakdonghamnida
	Past	작동했다 jakdonghaetda	작동했어 jakdonghaesseo	작동했어요 jakdonghaesseoyo	작동했습니다 jakdonghaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	작동하느냐 jakdonghaneunya	작동해 jakdonghae	작동해요 jakdonghaeyo	작동합니까 jakdonghamnikka
	Past	작동했느냐 jakdonghaenneunya	작동했어 jakdonghaesseo	작동했어요 jakdonghaesseoyo	작동했습니까 jakdonghaetseumnikka
Hortative		작동하자 jakdonghaja	작동해 jakdonghae	작동해요 jakdonghaeyo	작동하십시다 jakdonghasipsida
Imperative		작동해라, 작동하여라 jakdonghaera, jakdonghayeora	작동해 jakdonghae	작동해요 jakdonghaeyo	작동합시오 jakdonghapsio
Assertive		작동하겠다 jakdonghagetda	작동하겠어 jakdonghagesseo	작동하겠어요 jakdonghagesseoyo	작동하겠습니다 jakdonghagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		작동해 jakdonghae	작동해서, 작동하여서 jakdonghaeseo, jakdonghayeoseo	작동하니 jakdonghani	작동하니까 jakdonghanikka
Contrast		작동하지만 jakdonghajiman	작동하는데 jakdonghaneunde	작동하더니 jakdonghadeoni
Conjunction		작동하고 jakdonghago
Condition		작동하면 jakdonghamyeon	작동해야, 작동하여야 jakdonghaeya, jakdonghayeoya
Motive		작동하려고 jakdongharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		작동함 jakdongham	작동하기 jakdonghagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		작동했음, 작동하였음 jakdonghaesseum, jakdonghayeosseum	작동했기, 작동하였기 jakdonghaetgi, jakdonghayeotgi
Determiners	Past	작동한 jakdonghan
	Present	작동하는 jakdonghaneun
	Future	작동할 jakdonghal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	작동하신다 jakdonghasinda	작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo	작동하세요, 작동하셔요 jakdonghaseyo, jakdonghasyeoyo	작동하십니다 jakdonghasimnida
	Past	작동하셨다 jakdonghasyeotda	작동하셨어 jakdonghasyeosseo	작동하셨어요 jakdonghasyeosseoyo	작동하셨습니다 jakdonghasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	작동하시느냐 jakdonghasineunya	작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo	작동하세요, 작동하셔요 jakdonghaseyo, jakdonghasyeoyo	작동하십니까 jakdonghasimnikka
	Past	작동하셨느냐 jakdonghasyeonneunya	작동하셨어 jakdonghasyeosseo	작동하셨어요 jakdonghasyeosseoyo	작동하셨습니까 jakdonghasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		작동하시라 jakdonghasira	작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo	작동하세요 jakdonghaseyo	작동하십시오 jakdonghasipsio
Assertive		작동하시겠다 jakdonghasigetda	작동하시겠어 jakdonghasigesseo	작동하시겠어요 jakdonghasigesseoyo	작동하시겠습니다 jakdonghasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo	작동하셔서 jakdonghasyeoseo	작동하시니 jakdonghasini	작동하시니까 jakdonghasinikka
Contrast		작동하시지만 jakdonghasijiman	작동하시는데 jakdonghasineunde	작동하시더니 jakdonghasideoni
Conjunction		작동하시고 jakdonghasigo
Condition		작동하시면 jakdonghasimyeon	작동하셔야 jakdonghasyeoya
Motive		작동하시려고 jakdonghasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		작동하심 jakdonghasim	작동하시기 jakdonghasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		작동하셨음 jakdonghasyeosseum	작동하셨기 jakdonghasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	작동하신 jakdonghasin
	Present	작동하시는 jakdonghasineun
	Future	작동하실 jakdonghasil