죄송하다

Korean

Etymology

죄송(罪悚) (joesong) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕwe̞(ː)sʰo̞ŋɦa̠da̠] ~ [ˈt͡ɕø̞(ː)sʰo̞ŋɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [줴(ː)송하다/죄(ː)송하다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	joesonghada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	joesonghada
McCune–Reischauer?	choesonghada
Yale Romanization?	cōysonghata

Adjective

죄송하다 • (joesonghada) (infinitive 죄송해 or 죄송하여, sequential 죄송하니, hanja 罪悚하다)

1. to be sorry, to feel apologetic

   죄송합니다

   joesonghamnida

   I'm sorry

   심려를 끼쳐 드려 죄송합니다.

   Simnyeo-reul kkicheo deuryeo joesonghamnida.

   Sorry to worry you.

   어제 일은 죄송합니다. —걱정마세요.

   Eoje ir-eun joesonghamnida. -Geokjeongmaseyo.

   Sorry about yesterday. — No worries.

   Original English texts from 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 죄송하다 (joesonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	죄송하다 joesonghada	죄송해 joesonghae	죄송해요 joesonghaeyo	죄송합니다 joesonghamnida
	Past	죄송했다 joesonghaetda	죄송했어 joesonghaesseo	죄송했어요 joesonghaesseoyo	죄송했습니다 joesonghaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	죄송하냐 joesonghanya	죄송해 joesonghae	죄송해요 joesonghaeyo	죄송합니까 joesonghamnikka
	Past	죄송했냐 joesonghaennya	죄송했어 joesonghaesseo	죄송했어요 joesonghaesseoyo	죄송했습니까 joesonghaetseumnikka
Assertive		죄송하겠다 joesonghagetda	죄송하겠어 joesonghagesseo	죄송하겠어요 joesonghagesseoyo	죄송하겠습니다 joesonghagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		죄송해 joesonghae	죄송해서, 죄송하여서 joesonghaeseo, joesonghayeoseo	죄송하니 joesonghani	죄송하니까 joesonghanikka
Contrast		죄송하지만 joesonghajiman	죄송한데 joesonghande	죄송하더니 joesonghadeoni
Conjunction		죄송하고 joesonghago
Condition		죄송하면 joesonghamyeon	죄송해야, 죄송하여야 joesonghaeya, joesonghayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		죄송함 joesongham	죄송하기 joesonghagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		죄송했음, 죄송하였음 joesonghaesseum, joesonghayeosseum	죄송했기, 죄송하였기 joesonghaetgi, joesonghayeotgi
Determiners	Present		죄송한 joesonghan
	Future		죄송할 joesonghal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	죄송하시다 joesonghasida	죄송하셔 joesonghasyeo	죄송하세요, 죄송하셔요 joesonghaseyo, joesonghasyeoyo	죄송하십니다 joesonghasimnida
	Past	죄송하셨다 joesonghasyeotda	죄송하셨어 joesonghasyeosseo	죄송하셨어요 joesonghasyeosseoyo	죄송하셨습니다 joesonghasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	죄송하시냐 joesonghasinya	죄송하셔 joesonghasyeo	죄송하세요, 죄송하셔요 joesonghaseyo, joesonghasyeoyo	죄송하십니까 joesonghasimnikka
	Past	죄송하셨냐 joesonghasyeonnya	죄송하셨어 joesonghasyeosseo	죄송하셨어요 joesonghasyeosseoyo	죄송하셨습니까 joesonghasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		죄송하시겠다 joesonghasigetda	죄송하시겠어 joesonghasigesseo	죄송하시겠어요 joesonghasigesseoyo	죄송하시겠습니다 joesonghasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		죄송하셔 joesonghasyeo	죄송하셔서 joesonghasyeoseo	죄송하시니 joesonghasini	죄송하시니까 joesonghasinikka
Contrast		죄송하시지만 joesonghasijiman	죄송하신데 joesonghasinde	죄송하시더니 joesonghasideoni
Conjunction		죄송하시고 joesonghasigo
Condition		죄송하시면 joesonghasimyeon	죄송하셔야 joesonghasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		죄송하심 joesonghasim	죄송하시기 joesonghasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		죄송하셨음 joesonghasyeosseum	죄송하셨기 joesonghasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		죄송하신 joesonghasin
	Future		죄송하실 joesonghasil