차갑다

Korean

Etymology

Of native Korean origin. From 차다 (chada, “to be cold”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠ɡa̠p̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [차갑따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	chagapda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	chagabda
McCune–Reischauer?	ch'agapta
Yale Romanization?	chakapta

Adjective

차갑다 • (chagapda) (irregular, infinitive 차가워, sequential 차가우니)

1. (of an object) to be cold (to the touch), icy, cold-hearted

Usage notes

• 차갑다 (chagapda) describes things that are cold, such as foods and drinks, or anything that is cold to the touch.
• 춥다 (chupda) describes something that makes you feel cold, like a winter day or a freezer.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 차갑다 (chagapda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	차갑다 chagapda	차가워 chagawo	차가워요 chagawoyo	차갑습니다 chagapseumnida
	Past	차가웠다 chagawotda	차가웠어 chagawosseo	차가웠어요 chagawosseoyo	차가웠습니다 chagawotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	차가우냐 chagaunya	차가워 chagawo	차가워요 chagawoyo	차갑습니까 chagapseumnikka
	Past	차가웠냐 chagawonnya	차가웠어 chagawosseo	차가웠어요 chagawosseoyo	차가웠습니까 chagawotseumnikka
Assertive		차갑겠다 chagapgetda	차갑겠어 chagapgesseo	차갑겠어요 chagapgesseoyo	차갑겠습니다 chagapgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		차가워 chagawo	차가워서 chagawoseo	차가우니 chagauni	차가우니까 chagaunikka
Contrast		차갑지만 chagapjiman	차가운데 chagaunde	차갑더니 chagapdeoni
Conjunction		차갑고 chagapgo
Condition		차가우면 chagaumyeon	차가워야 chagawoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		차가움 chagaum	차갑기 chagapgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		차가웠음 chagawosseum	차가웠기 chagawotgi
Determiners	Present		차가운 chagaun
	Future		차가울 chagaul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	차가우시다 chagausida	차가우셔 chagausyeo	차가우세요, 차가우셔요 chagauseyo, chagausyeoyo	차가우십니다 chagausimnida
	Past	차가우셨다 chagausyeotda	차가우셨어 chagausyeosseo	차가우셨어요 chagausyeosseoyo	차가우셨습니다 chagausyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	차가우시냐 chagausinya	차가우셔 chagausyeo	차가우세요, 차가우셔요 chagauseyo, chagausyeoyo	차가우십니까 chagausimnikka
	Past	차가우셨냐 chagausyeonnya	차가우셨어 chagausyeosseo	차가우셨어요 chagausyeosseoyo	차가우셨습니까 chagausyeotseumnikka
Assertive		차가우시겠다 chagausigetda	차가우시겠어 chagausigesseo	차가우시겠어요 chagausigesseoyo	차가우시겠습니다 chagausigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		차가우셔 chagausyeo	차가우셔서 chagausyeoseo	차가우시니 chagausini	차가우시니까 chagausinikka
Contrast		차가우시지만 chagausijiman	차가우신데 chagausinde	차가우시더니 chagausideoni
Conjunction		차가우시고 chagausigo
Condition		차가우시면 chagausimyeon	차가우셔야 chagausyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		차가우심 chagausim	차가우시기 chagausigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		차가우셨음 chagausyeosseum	차가우셨기 chagausyeotgi
Determiners	Present		차가우신 chagausin
	Future		차가우실 chagausil

Antonyms

• 뜨겁다 (tteugeopda, “to be hot”)

See also

• 춥다 (chupda, “to cause to be cold”)