𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ *𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 (*swōgan, from Proto-Germanic *swōganą) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (gaswōgjan) (perfective)

1. (hapax) to sigh, groan
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 7:34:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌳𐌿 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍆𐌰𐌸𐌰, 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄: 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌽.

     jah ussaihwands du himina gaswōgida jah qaþ du imma: aiffaþa, þatei ist: uslukn.

     And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 gaswōgjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰 gaswōgja	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 gaswōgida	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gaswōgjada
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍃 gaswōgeis	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 gaswōgidēs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 gaswōgjaza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswōgeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 gaswōgida	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gaswōgjada
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐍉𐍃 gaswōgjōs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 gaswōgidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gaswōgjats	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 gaswōgidēduts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌼 gaswōgjam	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 gaswōgidēdum	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaswōgjanda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswōgeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 gaswōgidēduþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaswōgjanda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 gaswōgjand	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 gaswōgidēdun	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaswōgjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 gaswōgidēdjau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjaidau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 gaswōgjais	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 gaswōgidēdeis	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjaizau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹 gaswōgjai	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 gaswōgidēdi	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjaidau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gaswōgjaiwa	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gaswōgidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gaswōgjaits	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gaswōgidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gaswōgjaima	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gaswōgidēdeima	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjaindau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 gaswōgjaiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswōgidēdeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjaindau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gaswōgjaina	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gaswōgidēdeina	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹 gaswōgei
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjadau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gaswōgjats
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswōgeiþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswōgjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gaswōgjands	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌸𐍃 gaswōgiþs

Related terms

• 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (swēgnjan)
• 𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (swōgatjan)
• 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ufswōgjan)

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 136