𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *daubaz (“deaf”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, be obscured”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɔːfs/

Adjective

𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 • (daufs)

1. hardened, hard-hearted, callous
   • Mark 8:17:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼: 𐍈𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸? 𐌽𐌹 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 𐌽𐌹𐌷 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌸, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍉 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂.

     jah fraþjands iēsus qaþ du im: ƕa þaggkeiþ untē hlaibans ni habaiþ? ni nauh fraþjiþ nih wituþ, untē daubata habaiþ hairtō izwar.

     And when Jesus knew it, he saith unto them, Why reason ye, because ye have no bread? perceive ye not yet, neither understand? have ye your heart yet hardened? (KJV)

Usage notes

Although this word is cognate with other Germanic languages’ word for “deaf”, it is not attested with that meaning in Gothic. Instead it and all its derived terms refer to hardness, especially hardness of heart. Compare German taub, which means not only “deaf” but also “numb, insensate”.

The word for “deaf” in Gothic is 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (bauþs).

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 daufs	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆, 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌰 dauf, daubata
Accusative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌰 daubana	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆, 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌰 dauf, daubata
Genitive	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐍃 daubis	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 daubaizōs	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐍃 daubis
Dative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 daubamma	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹 daubai	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 daubamma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹 daubai	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐍃 daubōs	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba
Accusative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 daubans	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐍃 daubōs	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba
Genitive	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 daubaizē	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 daubaizō	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 daubaizē
Dative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼 daubaim	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼 daubaim	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼 daubaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉 daubō	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉 daubō
Accusative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽 dauban	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽 daubōn	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉 daubō
Genitive	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽𐍃 daubins	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 daubōns	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽𐍃 daubins
Dative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽 daubin	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽 daubōn	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽 daubin
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 daubans	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 daubōns	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐌰 daubōna
Accusative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 daubans	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 daubōns	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐌰 daubōna
Genitive	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌴 daubanē	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍉 daubōnō	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌴 daubanē
Dative	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼 daubam	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌼 daubōm	𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼 daubam

Derived terms

• 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (afdaubnan)
• 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gadaubjan)
• 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹 (daubei)
• 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰 (daubiþa)