𑀇𑀥

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hidʰá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hidʰá, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁i-dʰe- (“here”). Cognate with Pali idha, Sanskrit इह (ihá).

Adverb

𑀇𑀥 (idha) (Girnar)

1. here
   • c. 257 BCE, Aśoka, Girnar Major Rock Edict I line 2-3:

     𑀇𑀥 𑀦 𑀓𑀺𑀁𑀘𑀺 𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀁 𑀆𑀭𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀧𑀸 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀚𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀢𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀁

     idha na kiṃci jīvaṃ ārabhitpā prajūhitavyaṃ

     no living thing must be killed and sacrificed here

Alternative forms

Attested at Girnar.

Dialectal forms of 𑀇𑀥 (“here”)
Variety	Location	Forms edit
Central	Kalsi	𑀳𑀺𑀤 (hida), 𑀳𑀺𑀤𑀸 (hidā)
	Delhi-Topra	𑀳𑀺𑀤 (hida)
	Lumbini	𑀳𑀺𑀤 (hida)
	Rupnath	𑀳𑀤 probably scribal error (hada]] probably scribal error</spa)
East	Dhauli	𑀳𑀺𑀤 (hida)
	Jaugada	𑀳𑀺𑀤 (hida)
Northwest	Shahbazgarhi	𐨀𐨁𐨀 (ia), 𐨀𐨁𐨱 (iha), 𐨱𐨁𐨡 (hida)
	Mansehra	𐨀𐨁𐨀 (ia), 𐨀𐨁𐨱 (iha), 𐨱𐨁𐨡 (hida)
West	Girnar	𑀇𑀥 (idha)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀇𑀥 (“here”)
𑀳𑀺𑀤 (hida) (5) 𐨀𐨁𐨱 (iha) (2) 𐨱𐨁𐨡 (hida) (2) 𐨀𐨁𐨀 (ia) (2) 𑀇𑀥 (idha) (1) 𑀳𑀺𑀤𑀸 (hidā) (1) 𑀳𑀤 (hada) (1)

Descendants

• Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀇𑀳 (iha)
  • Awadhi: इहाँ (ihā̃)
• Khasa Prakrit:
  • Nepali: यहाँ (yahā̃)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀇𑀥 (idha)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀇𑀳 (iha)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀇𑀥 (idha)
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: यहाँ (yahā̃)

    Urdu: یہاں (yahā̃)

• Sindhi: हेॾे (hede), हेॾाॉं (hedā̃), हेॾ (heda)

Further reading

• Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 130.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ihá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• idha (Latin script)
• इध (Devanagari script)
• ইধ (Bengali script)
• ඉධ (Sinhalese script)
• ဣဓ or ဢိꩪ (Burmese script)
• อิธ or อิธะ (Thai script)
• ᩍᨵ (Tai Tham script)
• ອິຘ or ອິຘະ (Lao script)
• ឥធ (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄨𑄙 (Chakma script)

Adverb

𑀇𑀥 (idha)

1. Brahmi script form of idha (“here”)