-τήρ
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr, with nominative η made common to all cases with original syncopation or ε; compare its use in ἀστήρ (astḗr) (always with ε) and γαστήρ (gastḗr) (either with oblique ε throughout or original syncopation).
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tɛ̌ːr/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /te̝r/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /tir/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /tir/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /tir/
Suffix
edit-τήρ • (-tḗr) m (genitive -τῆρος); third declension
- Added to verb stems to form masculine agent nouns
- δίδωμι (dídōmi, “(δω-, weak stem δο- to give”) + -τήρ (-tḗr) → δωτήρ, δοτήρ (dōtḗr, dotḗr, “a giver”)
- ἐργάζομαι (ergázomai, “to work”) + -τήρ (-tḗr) → ἐργαστήρ (ergastḗr, “workman”)
- καθίημι (kathíēmi, “to let down, descend”) + -τήρ (-tḗr) → καθετήρ (kathetḗr, “anything let down into”)
- κλύζω (klúzō, “to wash, cleanse”) + -τήρ (-tḗr) → κλυστήρ (klustḗr, “a clyster-pipe, syringe”)
- ἵστημι (hístēmi, “(weak stem στα- to stand”) + -τήρ (-tḗr) → στατήρ (statḗr, “a weight”)
- χαράσσω (kharássō, “(χαράκ-j- to engrave”) + -τήρ (-tḗr) → χαρακτήρ (kharaktḗr, “an engraver”)
Inflection
editCase / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | -τήρ -tḗr |
-τῆρε -têre |
-τῆρες -têres | ||||||||||
Genitive | -τῆρος -têros |
-τήροιν -tḗroin |
-τήρων -tḗrōn | ||||||||||
Dative | -τῆρῐ -têri |
-τήροιν -tḗroin |
-τῆρσῐ / -τῆρσῐν -têrsi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | -τῆρᾰ -têra |
-τῆρε -têre |
-τῆρᾰς -têras | ||||||||||
Vocative | -τήρ -tḗr |
-τῆρε -têre |
-τῆρες -têres | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Greek: -τήρας (-tíras)
See also
editFurther reading
edit- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 839.2
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 1-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek suffixes
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek noun-forming suffixes
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension
- Ancient Greek masculine suffixes