Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hammō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *hamō

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from earlier *hanmō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂méh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”), and thus cognate with Old Irish cnáim (“bone”) and Ancient Greek κνήμη (knḗmē, “tibia”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɑm.mɔː/

Noun

*hammō f

1. shinbone
2. the hollow of the knee
3. ham

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *hammō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hammō	*hammôz
vocative	*hammō	*hammôz
accusative	*hammǭ	*hammōz
genitive	*hammōz	*hammǫ̂
dative	*hammōi	*hammōmaz
instrumental	*hammō	*hammōmiz

Descendants

• Old English: hamm, ham, hom
  • Middle English: hamme
    • English: ham
    • Scots: hamb, ham
• Old Saxon: *hama, *hamma
  • Middle Low German: ham, hame, hamme, amme
• Old Dutch: *hama, *hamma
  • Middle Dutch: hame, hamme
    • Dutch: ham
• Old High German: hama, hamma
  • Middle High German: hamme
    • Alemannic German: Hamme
    • German: Hamme
    • Luxembourgish: Ham
• Old Norse: hǫm
  • Icelandic: höm
  • Norwegian Bokmål: homme
  • Swedish: hamboge
  • Danish: hambugt

References

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207