Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krōkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *krukaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *greh₂ǵos (“a twist, rope, wicker, a tangle”), from *ger- (“to turn, to wind”). Cognate with Sanskrit ग्रन्थि (granthí, “a knot, tie”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkrɔː.kɑz/

Noun

*krōkaz m

1. something bent, a hook

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *krōkaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*krōkaz	*krōkōz, *krōkōs
vocative	*krōk	*krōkōz, *krōkōs
accusative	*krōką	*krōkanz
genitive	*krōkas, *krōkis	*krōkǫ̂
dative	*krōkai	*krōkamaz
instrumental	*krōkō	*krōkamiz

Related terms

• *krakô

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *krōk
  • Old English: *crōc
    • Middle English: crok, croke
      • Scots: cruke, creuk, crewk, cruik
      • English: crook
      • → Irish: crúca
  • Old Dutch: *kruok
    • Middle Dutch: croec
  • → Vulgar Latin: *crōcus, *crōca
    • Old French: croce, croc, croche
      • Middle French: croche
        • French: croche
          • → Catalan: corxa
          • → Occitan: cròcha
      • Norman: cro (Jèrriais)
      • Walloon: crotche
      • → Middle English: croche
        • English: croche
      • ⇒ Old French: crochet, crochette, croket (diminutive)
        • Middle French: crochet
          • French: crochet, crochée
            • → Catalan: corxera, corxea
            • → English: crochet
            • → Spanish: croché, corchea
            • Portuguese: crochet, crochê, croché, colcheia
        • Walloon: crotchèt
      • ⇒ Old French: acrocher, accrocher, encrocher
        • Middle French: accrocher, acrocher, acrochier, accrochier
          • Middle French: accrocher
        • Walloon: acrotchî, acrotchi, acrotcher, acrotchè
        • → Middle English: acrochen
    • Piedmontese: cròc
    • Sicilian: croccu
    • Medieval Latin: croccus
• Old Norse: krókr
  • Icelandic: krókur
  • Faroese: krókur
  • Norwegian Bokmål: krok
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: krok
  • Old Swedish: krōker
    • Swedish: krok
  • Danish: krog
  • → French: croc, crochet
    • → English: crochet, crotchet
  • → Norman: cro (Jersey)
  • →? Russian: крюк (krjuk)