Kazakh

See also: kazakh

English

Etymology 1

From Russian каза́х (kazáx). Cognate with Cossack, ultimately from Turkic languages.

Alternative forms

• Kazak, Qazaq, (archaic) Kaisak

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /kəˈzak/, /kəˈzɑːk/, /ˈkazak/
• (US) IPA^(key): /kəˈzɑk/, /kəˈzæk/, /ˈkæzæk/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːk

Noun

Kazakh (countable and uncountable, plural Kazakhs)

1. (countable) A person from Kazakhstan or of that descent.

   Synonym: Kazakhstani

2. (uncountable) The national language of Kazakhstan.

Translations

a person from Kazakhstan or of that descent

• Afrikaans: Kazak, Kazach
• Albanian: kazah m, kazak m
• Arabic: قَزَاقِيّ m (qazāqiyy), قَزَاقِيَّة f (qazāqiyya), قَزَاق pl (qazāq)
• Armenian: ղազախ (ġazax)
• Azerbaijani: qazax
• Bashkir: ҡаҙаҡ (qaźaq)
• Belarusian: каза́х m (kazáx), каза́шка f (kazáška)
• Bulgarian: каза́х (bg) m (kazáh)
• Catalan: kazakh (ca) m or f
• Chagatai: قزاق (qazāq /⁠qazaq⁠/)
• Chinese:

  Dungan: хазах (hazah)

  Mandarin: 哈薩克人 / 哈萨克人 (zh) (Hɑ̄sɑ̀kèrén)

• Czech: Kazach (cs) m, Kazaška (cs) f
• Danish: kasakher c
• Dutch: Kazak (nl) m
• Esperanto: kazaĥo
• Finnish: kazakki (fi)
• French: Kazakh (fr) m, Kazakhe (fr) f
• Georgian: ყაზახი (q̇azaxi)
• German: Kasache (de) m, Kasachin (de) f
• Greek: Καζάκος (el) m (Kazákos), Καζάκα (el) f (Kazáka)
• Hindi: कजाक (hi) m (kajāk), कज़ाक (kazāk)
• Hungarian: kazak (hu), kazah (hu)
• Irish: Casacach m
• Japanese: カザフ人 (kazafujin)
• Kabardian: казах (kbd) (kazax)
• Kalmyk: хасг (xasg)
• Kazakh:

  Cyrillic (since 1940): қазақ (kk) (qazaq)

  Eskı emle (before 1924): قزاق (qazāq /⁠qazaq⁠/)

  Jaña emle (since 1924): قازاق

  Latin (2021 and earlier proposals): qazaq

• Khakas: хазах (xazax)
• Kyrgyz: казак (ky) (kazak)
• Latvian: kazahs m, kazahiete f
• Lithuanian: kazachas (lt) m
• Manchu: ᡥᠠᠰᠠᡴ (hasak)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: казах (mn) (kazax), хасаг (mn) (xasag) (traditionally, also used to refer to a Cossack)

  Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ (qasag), ᠺᠠᠽᠠᠭ (kazag)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kasakhstaner (no) m

  Nynorsk: kasakhstanar (nn) m

• Ottoman Turkish: قزاق (Kazak)
• Persian: قزاق (fa) (qazzâq), کزاخ (kazâx)
• Polish: Kazach (pl) m, Kazaszka (pl) f
• Portuguese: cazaque (pt)
• Romanian: kazah (ro) m, kazahă (ro) f, казах m (kazah), казахъ f (kazahă)
• Russian: каза́х (ru) m (kazáx), каза́шка (ru) f (kazáška) (since 1936); каза́к (ru) m (kazák), каза́чка (ru) f (kazáčka) (1925–1936); кирги́з (ru) m (kirgíz), кирги́зка (ru) f (kirgízka), киргѝз-кайса́к m (kirgìz-kajsák), киргѝз-кайса́чка f (kirgìz-kajsáčka) (1734– 1925)
• Southern Altai: казак (kazak)
• Spanish: kazajo (es) m
• Swahili: Mkazaki (sw)
• Swedish: kazak (sv) c (ethnicity)
• Tajik: қазоқ (tg) (qazoq)
• Tatar: казакъ (tt) (qazaq)
• Turkish: Kazak (tr)
• Turkmen: gazak
• Ukrainian: каза́х (uk) m (kazáx), каза́шка f (kazáška)
• Uyghur: قازاق (qazaq)
• Uzbek: qozoq (uz)

  Cyrillic: қозоқ (qozoq)

• Written Oirat: ᡍᠠᠰᠠᡎ (xasag)
• Xibe: ᡥᠠᠰᠠᡣ
  ᠨᡞᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ (hasak niyalma)
• Yakut: казах (kazaq)

a person from Kazakhstan — see Kazakhstani

language

• Afrikaans: Kazaks, Kazachs
• Arabic: قَزَاقِيَّة f (qazāqiyya)
• Armenian: ղազախերեն (hy) (ġazaxeren)
• Catalan: kazakh (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 哈薩克語 / 哈萨克语 (zh) (hāsàkèyǔ)

• Czech: kazaština (cs) f
• Danish: kasakhisk n
• Dutch: Kazachs (nl) n
• Esperanto: kazaĥo
• Finnish: kazakki (fi)
• French: kazakh (fr) m
• German: Kasachisch (de) n
• Greek: καζακικά (el) n pl (kazakiká)
• Hindi: कज़ाकी (hi) (kazākī)
• Hungarian: kazak (hu), kazah (hu)
• Irish: Casaicis f
• Italian: kazako (it) m
• Japanese: カザフ語 (ja) (kazafugo)
• Kabardian: казахыбзэ (kbd) (kazaxəbzɛ)
• Kazakh: қазақша (qazaqşa), қазақ тілі (qazaq tılı)
• Korean: 카자흐어 (ko) (kajaheueo)
• Latvian: kazahu valoda f, kazahu
• Manchu: ᡥᠠᠰᠠᡴ
  ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ (hasak gisun)
• Navajo: Kʼazah dineʼé bizaad
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kasakhisk (no) m

  Nynorsk: kasakhisk m

• Persian: قزاقی (qazâqi), کزاخی (kazâxi), زبان قزاقی (zabân-e qazâqi)
• Polish: kazachski (pl) m
• Portuguese: cazaque (pt) m
• Romanian: kazahă (ro) f
• Russian: каза́хский (ru) m (kazáxskij)
• Slovak: kazaština (sk) f
• Slovene: kazaščina f
• Swahili: Kikazaki
• Swedish: kazakiska (sv) c
• Tajik: қазоқӣ (tg) (qazoqi), забони қазоқӣ (zaboni qazoqi)
• Turkish: Kazakça (tr)
• Uyghur: قازاقچە (ug) (qazaqche)
• Uzbek: qozoqcha (uz), қозоқча (qozoqcha)
• Xibe: ᡥᠠᠰᠠᡣ
  ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ (hasak gisun)

Further reading

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Kazakh terms
• ISO 639-1 code kk, ISO 639-3 code kaz (SIL)
• Ethnologue entry for Kazakh, kaz ⁠

Adjective

Kazakh (comparative more Kazakh, superlative most Kazakh)

1. Of, from, or pertaining to Kazakhstan, the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language.

   Synonym: Kazakhstani

   • 2010, Michael Fergus, Vitaliy Krotov, “Other cities”, in Kazakhstan: The Business Traveller’s Handbook (Gorilla Guides: Travel Handbooks for the Business Jungle), Northampton, Mass.: Interlink Travel, →ISBN, chapter 9 (Other Major Cities), page 159:

     Over 70% of the city population is reckoned to be Kazakh or Uzbek and only 15% Russian. Being much more Kazakh than Russian certainly gives Shymkent a less disciplined feel about it, and this has its good sides to it and its bad sides.

Derived terms

• Kazakh dandelion
• Kazakhness

Translations

pertaining to the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language

• Afrikaans: Kazaks, Kazachs
• Albanian: kazah, kazak
• Arabic: كَازَاخِيّ (kāzāḵiyy)
• Armenian: ղազախական (hy) (ġazaxakan)
• Azerbaijani: qazax
• Bashkir: ҡаҙаҡ (qaźaq)
• Belarusian: каза́хскі (kazáxski), каза́скі (kazáski) (Taraškievica)
• Bengali: কাজাখ (bn) (kajakh)
• Bulgarian: каза́хски (kazáhski)
• Catalan: kazakh (ca)
• Chinese:

  Dungan: хазах (hazah)

  Mandarin: 哈薩克的 / 哈萨克的 (zh) (hāsàkè de)

• Czech: kazašský (cs)
• Danish: kasakhisk
• Dutch: Kazachs (nl)
• Esperanto: kazaĥa
• Estonian: kasahhi
• Finnish: kazakkilainen (fi)
• French: kazakh (fr)
• Georgian: ყაზახური (q̇azaxuri)
• German: kasachisch (de)
• Greek: καζακικός (kazakikós)
• Hindi: कज़ाख़ (kazāx)
• Hungarian: kazak (hu), kazah (hu)
• Irish: Casacach, Casaicise (language)
• Japanese: カザフの (kazafu no)
• Kabardian: казах (kbd) (kazax)
• Kazakh: қазақ (kk) (qazaq)
• Korean: 카자흐의 (kajaheuui)
• Kyrgyz: казак (ky) (kazak)
• Latvian: kazahu, kazahisks
• Lithuanian: kazachų (lt), kazachiškas
• Macedonian: казашки (kazaški)
• Malay: Kazakh
• Mongolian: казах (mn) (kazax), хасаг (mn) (xasag)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kasakhstansk

  Nynorsk: kasakhstansk (nn)

• Pashto: قزاقي
• Persian: قزاقی (qazâqi), کزاخی (kazâxi)
• Polish: kazachski (pl)
• Portuguese: cazaque (pt)
• Romanian: kazah (ro)
• Russian: каза́хский (ru) (kazáxskij)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: казашки

  Roman: kazaški (sh)

• Slovak: kazašský (sk)
• Slovene: kazaški
• Spanish: kazajo (es)
• Swedish: kazakisk (sv)
• Tajik: қазоқӣ (tg) (qazoqi)
• Tatar: казакъ (tt) (qazaq)
• Turkish: Kazak (tr)
• Turkmen: gazak
• Ukrainian: каза́хський (uk) (kazáxsʹkyj)
• Urdu: قازق (qāzaq)
• Uyghur: قازاق (qazaq)
• Uzbek: qozoq (uz)

pertaining to the Kazakhstan — see Kazakhstani

Etymology 2

From Russian Каза́х (Kazáx).

Proper noun

Kazakh

1. Alternative form of Gazakh

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “казак”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress