Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/Siwa

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Proto-Austronesian cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : *Siwa

Etymology

Any etymology beyond this reconstructed form is controversial. Sagart (2004) considers it to have arisen after Proto-Austronesian proper, rather than from a compound from *ɣatep (“five”) +‎ *Səpat (“four”), and relates it to Kulon-Pazeh xasebisupat (literally “five and four”), but Winter (2010) rejects this on phonological and historical grounds.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /siwa/

Numeral

*Siwa

1. nine

Descendants

• Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *siwa
  • Balinese: siə
  • Fijian: ciwa
  • Malagasy: sivy
  • Proto-Polynesian: *hiwa (see there for further descendants)
  • Rotuman: siva
  • Tetum: sia

References

• Sagart, Laurent. 2004. "The higher phylogeny of Austronesian and the position of Tai-Kadai." Oceanic Linguistics 43, 2:411–444.
• Winter, Bodo. 2010. "A note on the higher phylogeny of Austronesian." Oceanic Linguistics 49, 1:282–287.