Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hëra

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Probably from earlier *šera, possibly borrowed from some descendant of Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to flow”) (compare Latin sērum). According to Koivulehto, the Finnic word could be borrowed from Proto-Germanic *sera-, but this root is hypothetical, as there are no known Germanic descendants.

Noun

*hëra

1. whey

Inflection

Inflection of *hëra

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*hëra	*hërat
accusative		*hëran	*hërat
genitive		*hëran	*hëradën *hëroidën
partitive		*hërada	*hëroida
inessive		*hërassa *hërahna	*hëroissa *hëroihna
elative		*hërasta	*hëroista
illative		*hërahën	*hëroihën
adessive		*hëralla	*hëroilla
ablative		*hëralta	*hëroilta
allative		*hëralën *hëralëk	*hëroilën *hëroilëk
essive		*hërana	*hëroina
translative		*hëraksi	*hëroiksi
instructive		*hëran	*hëroin
comitative		*hëranëk	*hëroinëk
abessive		*hëratta	*hëroitta

Derived terms

• *hërahtadak
• *heredä / *hërëda
• *hërudak

Descendants

• Estonian: hõra- (in compound: hõrasilm)
• Finnish: hera
• Ingrian: hera- (in compound: heravesi)
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: hera
  • South Karelian: hera
• Livonian: õrā
• Livvi: hera
• Ludian: hera
• Võro: hõra- (in compound: hõrasilm)

Further reading

• “sõra-”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “hera”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN