Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kümmen

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Proto-Finnic cardinal numbers

<  9	10	11  >
Cardinal : *kümmen     Ordinal : *kümmenenci

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *küme-ne. Related to Proto-Mordvinic *keməń. Displaced Proto-Uralic *luka.

Numeral

*kümmen

1. ten
2. (as a noun) decade, group of ten

Inflection

Inflection of *kümmen

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*kümmen	*kümmenet
accusative		*kümmenen	*kümmenet
genitive		*kümmenen	*kümmenden *kümmeniden
partitive		*kümmentä	*kümmenitä
inessive		*kümmenessä *kümmenehnä	*kümmenissä *kümmenihnä
elative		*kümmenestä	*kümmenistä
illative		*kümmenesen	*kümmenisen
adessive		*kümmenellä	*kümmenillä
ablative		*kümmeneltä	*kümmeniltä
allative		*kümmenelen *kümmenelek	*kümmenilen *kümmenilek
essive		*kümmennä	*kümmeninä
translative		*kümmeneksi	*kümmeniksi
instructive		*kümmenen	*kümmenin
comitative		*kümmennek	*kümmeninek
abessive		*kümmenettä	*kümmenittä

Descendants

• Estonian: kümme
• Finnish: kymmenen (“ten”, numeral), kymmen (“ten in certain compound words”, noun)
  • Meänkieli: kymmenen
• Ingrian: kymmen
• Karelian: kymmenen, kymmen
• Kven: kymmenen
• Livonian:
  • Courland Livonian: kim
  • Vidzeme Livonian: ķum
• Livvi: kymmene
• Veps: kümne
• Võro: kümme
• Votic: tšümme